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ANTI-SEMITISM. In the political struggles of the concluding quarter of the igth century an important part was played by a religious, political and social agitation against the Jews, known as " Anti-Semitism." The origins of this remarkable movement already thr ...

ANTISEPTICS (Gr. &VTI, against, and o^Trrucds, putrefactive), the name given to substances which are used for the prevention of bacterial development in animal or vegetable matter. Some are true germicides, capable of destroying the bacteria, whilst others mer ...

... rs, the Malays, Papuans and Polynesians, all cultivate the soil, and build substantial huts and houses, the Australian natives do neither. Pottery, common to Malays and Papuans, the bows and arrows of the latter, and the elaborate canoes of all three races, ar ...

... the province lies wholly south of the river Congo. Bounded on the W. by the Atlantic Ocean, it extends along the coast from the southern bank of the Congo (6° S., 12° E.) to the mouth of the Kunene river (17° 18' S., 11° 50' E.). The coast-line is some ooo m. ...

... little interest. The cathedral of St Pierre (see CATHEDRAL), a church in the Byzantine- Romanesque style, dates from the nth and 1 2th centuries, but has undergone frequent restoration, and was partly rebuilt in the latter half of the iqth century by the archi ...

... became the capital of the Bagratid kings of Armenia, and when yielded to the Byzantine emperor (1046) it was a populous city, known traditionally as the " city with the loot churches." It was taken eighteen years later by the Seljuk Turks, five times by the Ge ...

... tituted by an acid radical, are prepared by heating aniline with certain acids; antifebrin or acetanilide is thus obtained from acetic acid and aniline. The oxidation of aniline has been carefully investigated. In alkaline solution azobenzene results, while ar ...

... ase of Pelagic animals he showed a relation between death temperature and the quantity of solid constituents of the body, Ceslus having lowest death temperature and least amount of solids in its body. But in the higher animals his experiments tend to show that ...

... orm of the house-god is the lizard; it is also a tutelary deity in Madagascar. Mantis. — Cagn is a prominent figure in Bushman mythology; the mantis and the caterpillar, Ngo, are his incarnations. It was railed the " Hottentots' god " by early settlers. Monkey ...

... t, Malay Magic; Sir G. Campbell, "Spirit Basis of Belief and Custom," in Indian Antiquary, xxiii. and succeeding volumes: Folklore, iii. 289. xi. l6a; Spencer. Principles of Sociology; Mind (1877), 141. 4j5 et sen. For animism in philosophy, Stahl, Theoria ; B ...

... mns to carry the architrave, so as to form a porch, the latter is said to be in-antis. (See TEMPLE.)

... er-beds and trees. A small park has been laid out near the residency, and the planting of trees and the formation of gardens in various parts of the city give it a bright and attractive appearance. Water is obtained from springs at the foot of the hill, but it ...

... orados, or " Lovers' Peak," is a conspicuous crag which owes its name to the romantic legend adapted by Robert Southey (1774-1843) in his Lailo and Manuel. Woollen fabrics are manufactured, and the sugar industry established in 1800 employs several thousand ha ...

... ^wca, through the Saxon antefn, a word which originally had the same meaning as antiphony (?.».). It is now, however, generally restricted to a form of church music, particularly in the service of the Church of England, in which it is appointed by the rubrics ...

... n (A.O. 532), the original and daring plans for the church of St Sophia in Constantinople, which strikingly displayed at once his knowledge and his ignorance. He was one of five brothers — the sons of Stephanos, a physician of Tralles — who were all more or le ...

... 's Realencydopddie fs.v.) ; J. Girard in Daremberg and Saglio, Dictionnaire des antiquites s.v. "Dionysia"); and F. A. Voigt in Roscher's Lexikon der Mythologie (s.v. " Dionysos"); J. E. Harrison, Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion (1903); M. P. Nilsso ...

... decade preceding the outbreak of the Civil War she took a prominent part in the anti-slavery and temperance movements in New York, organizing in 1852 the first woman's state temperance society in America, and in 1856 becoming the agent for New York state of th ...

... " coral " (?.».). Although corals have been familiar objects since the days of antiquity, and the variety known as the precious red coral has been for a long time an article of commerce in the Mediterranean, it wasonly in the iSth century that their true natu ...

... r horse-power hour, and with larger engines it is proportionately less. Large quantities of anthracite for power purposes are now exported from South Wales to France, Switzerland and parts of Germany. (H. B.)

... Pasteur and J. I! Chauveau first showed how to make the morbific poison its own antidote. (See VIVISECTION.) The symptoms vary with the species of animal, the mode of infection, and the seat of the primary lesion, internal or external. In all its forms anthrax ...

ANTISTHENES (c. 444-365 B.C.), the founder of the Cynic school of philosophy, was born at Athens of a Thracian mother, a fact which may account for the extreme boldness of his attack on conventional thought. In his youth he studied rhetoric under Gorgias, perh ...

ANTISTROPHE, the portion of an ode which is sung by the chorus in its returning movement from west to east, in response to the strophe, which was sung from east to west. It is of the nature of a reply, and balances the effect of the strophe. Thus, in Gray's od ...

ANTITHESIS (the Greek for " setting opposite "), in rhetoric, the bringing out of a contrast in the meaning by an obvious contrast in the expression, as in the following: — " When there is need of silence, you speak, and when there is need of speech, you are d ...

ANTITYPE (Gr. i>r(rwrot), the correlative of " type," to which it corresponds as the stamp to the die, or vice versa. In the sense of copy or likeness the word occurs in the Greek New Testament (Heb. ix. 34; i Peter iii. ai), English " figure." By theological ...

ANTIUM (mod. Ansio), an ancient Volscian city on the coast of Latium, about 33 m. S. of Rome. The legends as to its foundation, and the accounts of its early relations with Rome, are untrustworthy; but Livy's account of wars between Antium and Rome, early in t ...

ANTIVARI (Montenegrin Bar, so called by the Venetians from its position opposite Bari in Italy), a seaport of Montenegro which until 1878 belonged to Turkey. Pop. (1000) about 2500. The old town is built inland, on a strip of country running between the Adriat ...

... operty. After the September Convention (1864) Antonelli organized the Legion of Antibes to replace French troops in Rome, and in 1867 secured French aid against Garibaldi's invasion of papal territory. Upon the reoccupation of Rome by the French after Mentana, ...

... o the throne by the Roman people, who, for once, were not disappointed in their anticipation of a happy reign. For Antoninus came to his new office with simple tastes, kindly disposition, extensive experience, a well-trained intelligence and the sincerest desi ...

... s bounded N. and E. by the narrow seas separating Ireland from Scotland, the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea, S. by Belfast Lough and the Lagan river dividing it from the county Down, W. by Lough Neagh, dividing it from the counties Armagh and Tyrone, and by coun ...

... made an important agreement in 1635 for the purchase from James Campbell, Lord Cantire, of the lordship of Cantire, or Kintyre, of which the MacDonnells had been dispossessed in 1600 by Argyll; but his possession was successfully opposed by Lord Lome. He died ...

... use of the Hansa League on the northern quays. A curious museum is the Maison Plantin, the house of the great printer C. Plantin (q.v.) and his successor Moretus, which stands exactly as it did in the time of the latter. The new picture gallery close to the so ...

... using himself by drawing maps for Latin authors. Later, his friendship with the antiquarian, Abbe Longuerue, greatly aided his studies. His first serious map, that of Ancient Greece, was published when he was fifteen, and at the age of twenty-two he was appoin ...

... Landau, and on the railway from that place to Zweibrucken. Pop. 3700. It is romantically situated in the part of the Haardt called the Pfalzer Schweiz (Palatinate Switzerland), and is surrounded by high hills which yield a famous red sandstone. On the Sonnenb ...

... ese police department, but having in the following year made a success with his anti-clerical drama, Der Pfarrer von Kirchfeld, he gave up his appointment and devoted himself entirely to literature. He died at Vienna on the loth of December 1889. Anzengruber w ...

... lored Syria; E. Sachau, Reiie in Syrien, 1883. 2. A city in Phrygia, founded by Antiochus Soter (from whose mother, Apama, it received its name), near, but on lower ground than, Celaenae. It was situated where the Marsyas leaves the hills to join the Maeander, ...

... dies of the Cods in Greece (New York, 1891); A. Chassang, Le Merveilleux dans I'antiquite (1882) ; D. M. Tredwell, Sketch of the Life of Apollonius of Tyana (New York, 1886); F. C. Baur, Apollonius von Tyana und Christus, ed. Ed. Zeller (Leipzig, 1876, — an at ...

... The earliest mention of the story is in the Carmina (Bk. vi. 8, 11. 5-6) of Venantius Fortunatus, in the second half of the 6th century, and the romance may well date from three centuries earlier. It bears a marked resemblance to the Antheia and Habrokomes of ...

... n defence. But the introduction of the adjective " apologetic " and of the substantive " apologetics " is recent. They are serviceable as bracketing together (i) Natural Theology or Theism, (2) Christian Evidences — chiefly " miracles " and " prophecy "; or, o ...

... e individual may be struck down in an instant, senseless and 'motionless, " warranting those epithets, which the ancients applied to the victims of this disease, of attoniti and siderati, as if they were thunder-stricken or planet-struck " (Sir Thomas Watson). ...

... ), the tokens of spiritual gift visible in work done, and particularly in the planting of the Gospel in fresh fields (2 Cor. x. 14-18). It may be in this wide charismatic sense that Paul uses the term in i Cor. xii. 28 f., Eph. ii. 20, iii. 5, iv. n, and espec ...