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ARAL, a lake or inland sea in the west of Asia, situated between lat. 43° 30' and 46° 51' N., and long. 58° 13' and 61° 56' E. It was known to the ancient Arab and Persian geographers as the Sea of Khwarizm or Kharezm, from the neighbouring district of the Cho ...

ARNAL, &TIENNB (1794-1872), French actor, was born at Meulan, Seine-et-Oise, on the ist of February 1704. After serving in the army, and working in a button factory, he took to the stage. His first appearance (1815) was in tragedy, and for some time he was uns

ARVALS. ARVCLS or ARTHELS (0. None Arfr, inheritance, and ol, A.S. Ale, a banquet), primarily the funeral dinner, and later, especially in the north of England, a thin, light, iweet cake, spiced with cinnamon and nutmeg, served to the poor at Mich feasts. The

ARAM, EUGENE (1704-1750), English scholar, but more famous as the murderer celebrated by Hood in his ballad, the Dream of Eugene Aram, and by Bulwcr Lytton in his romance of Eugene Aram, was born of humble parents at Ramsgill, Yorkshire, in 1704. He received l

ARIA (Ital. for " air "), a musical term, equivalent to the English " air," signifying a melody apart from the harmony, but especially a musical composition for a single voice or instrument, with an accompaniment of other voices or instruments. The aria origin

ARTA (Narda, i.e. a> "A.pda, or Zarta, i.e. «'s "\pra), a town of Greece, in the province of Arta, 59 m. N.N.W. of Mesolonghi. Pop. about 7000. It is built on the site of the ancient Ambracia (?.».), its present designation being derived from a corruption of t

ARNAULD, the surname of a family of prominent French lawyers, chiefly remembered in connexion with the Jansenist troubles of the i7th century. At their head was ANTOINE ARNAULD (1560-1619), a leader of the Paris bar; in this capacity he delivered a famous phil

ARNAULT, ANTOINE VINCENT (1766-1834), French dramatist, was born in Paris in January 1766. His first play, Marius a Mintumes (1791), immediately established his reputation. A year later he followed up his first success with a second republican tragedy, Lucrece

... and Chittagong; (2) the Myu river, an arm of the sea, running a course almost parallel with the coast for about 50 m.; (3) the Koladaing river, rising near the Blue mountain, in the extreme north-east, and falling into the Bay of Bengal a few miles south of t ...

... n^ which form the edge of the plateau, or diversify its surface, run generally parallel to the coast, as Tala Mugongo (4400 ft.), Chella and Vissecua (5250 ft. to 6500 ft.). In the district of Benguella are the highest points of the province, viz. Loviti(778of ...

... lizes in the orthorhombic system, and has three directions of perfect cleavage parallel to the three planes of symmetry. It is not isomorphous with the orthorhombic barium and strontium sulphates, as might be expected from the chemical formulae. Distinctly dev ...

... the assumption that the nervous median- 97 e ism of heat regulation has become paralysed. The respiration and heart-rate being »7-2 also retarded during this period, the resemblance to the condition of hibernation is considerable. Again, Sutherland Simpson has ...

... val is known as Bagh Jatra, and the worshippers dance disguised as tigers. The Waralis worship Waghia the lord of tigers in the form of a shapeless stone. In Hanoi and Manchuria tiger-gods are also found. Wolf. — Both Zeus and Apollo were associated with the w ...

... (i) all rays in whatever direction passing through another point, (2) a set of parallel rays, Anthemius assumes a property of an ellipse not found in Apollonius (the equality of the angles subtended at a focus by two tangents drawn from a point), and (having g ...

... the resolution. The history of political parties may be searched in vain for a parallel to this discreditable transaction. The capture of the Conservative party proved the high-water mark of German anti-Semitism. From that moment the tide began to recede. All ...

... lustre is vitreous, inclining to sub-resinous. There is an imperfect cleavage parallel to the basal pinacoid, and the fracture is conchoidal. Hardness 5, specific gravity 3-2. Yellowish-green prismatic crystals from Jumilla in Murcia in Spain have long been k ...

... t, perhaps, from anti-Protestant motives. But this attitude, while not without parallels both earlier (Ghazali, Jehuda Halevi) and later (H. L. ManscI), has peculiarities in Pascal. It is fallen man whom he pursues with his fierce scorn; his view of man's natu ...

... the vessels of the brain and its membranes. In senile dementia and in general paralysis the brain is shrunken and the convolutions atrophied, the increased space in the ventricles and between the convolutions being filled up with the cerebro-spinal fluid. In ...

... ch this divine knowledge flowed. Aquina*'* conception of reason is in some way parallel with his conception of revelation. Reason is in his idea nut tin- individual reason, but the fountain of natural truth, whose chief channels arc the various systems of heat ...

... states of Venezuela under the redivision of 1004, lying principally within the parallel ranges of the Venezuelan Cordillera, and comprising some of the most fertile and healthful valleys of the republic. It is bounded E. by the Federal District and Maturin, S. ...

... prove that he would never have been assassinated had Arakcheev continued by his ARAL side. During the earlier years of Alexander, Arakcheev was completely overlooked. Only on the 27th of April 1803, was the count recalled to St Petersburg, and employed as insp ...

... erous subsidiary ranges. In eastern or " locked " Arcadia these heights run in parallel courses intersected by cross-ridges, enclosing a series of upland plains whose waters have no egress save by underground channels or terethra. The western country is more o ...

... joins it on the left about 30 m. S. W. of Kandahar. The two rivers run nearly parallel, inclosing the backbone of the Ghilzai plateau. The Tarnak is much the shorter (length about 200 m.) and less copious. The ruins at Ulan Robat. supposed to represent the ci ...

... ut mortar, which are in character earlier than those of Tiryns, and have their parallel in the lowest layers of Hissarlik. Bearing out the evidence of tradition as well as architecture, the numerous finds of individual objects in terra-cotta figurines, vases, ...

... and whatever small chances of success remained were destroyed by constant and paralysing disputes. His ships and ammunition were captured, and after some aimless wanderings he found himself deserted, with but one companion, Major Fullerton. On the iSth of Jun ...

... bdivisions of that series (see SCOTLAND: Geology) being represented. They form parallel belts of varying width trending north-east and south-west. The slates and phyllites referred to the lowest group occur along the shore at Dunoon, and are followed by the Be ...

... opheme of Aristotle's day, not of Aristotle; and this interpretation suits the parallel passage in the Nic. Ethics (i. 5, 1096 a 3) where opinions about the happiness of political life are said to have been sufficiently treated " even in current discussions " ...

... tals of arsenic belong to the rhombohedral system, and have a perfect cleavage parallel to the basal plane; natural crystals arc, however, of rare occurrence, and are usually acicular in habit. Native arsenic occurs usually in metalliferous veins in associatio ...

... or movement, garments closely fitting, the folds of which fall in symmetrical parallel lines. As a goddess of the moon she wears a long robe, carries a torch, and her head is surmounted by a crescent. On the coins of Arcadia, Aetolia, Crete and Sicily, are to ...

... k. R.P.A.-L.P.A. Right and Left Pulmonary Arteries. 1 aorta into which the two parallel dorsal vessels just mentioned soon coalesce, until recently it ays been so regarded. The anterior loop between the ventral and is ncue n maxillary or first visceral arch of ...

... sextile, quintile, square, trine, sesqui-quadrate, bi-quintile, opposition or parallel acclination). Disastrous signs predominate over auspicious, and the various effects are combined in a very elaborate and complicated manner. Judicial astrology, as a form o ...

... The fundamental axis, instead of being the earth's axis itself, is then a line parallel to it, and the fundamental plane is the plane passing through the point, and parallel to the plane of the equator. (3) In the system of heliocentric co-ordinates, the plane ...

... desert coast, and in 1843 that part of the desert extending north to the 26th parallel was organized into the province of Atacama.

ATLAS MOUNTAINS, the general name for the mountain chains running more or less parallel to the coast of North-west Africa. They extend from Cape Nun on the west to the Gulf of Gabes on the east, a distance of some 1500 m., traversing Morocco, Algeria and Tunis ...

... ns abruptly east. From this point to its junction with the Cesse its course is parallel with that of the Canal du Midi. The river skirts the northern spurs of the Corbieres, some distance below which it is joined by the Orbieu and the Cesse. It then divides in ...

... r pyroxenes it is characterized crystallographically by its distinct cleavages parallel to the prism-faces (M), the angle between which is 87°. A typical crystal is represented in fig. i, whilst fig. 2 shows a crystal twinned on the orthopinacoid (r'). Such cr ...

... me to light as yet is a fragmentary papyrus of Roman date which has a table in parallel columns of hieroglyphic signs, with their hieratic equivalents and words written in hieratic describing them or giving their values or meanings. The list appears to have co ...

... owed that if instead of using a single wire LM to form the bridge, he used two parallel wires PQ, LM, placed close together, the currents in the further circuit were hardly appreciably diminished when the main wires were cut between PL and QM. Blondlot used a ...

... yrians. But the terrible defeat at Khalule broke his power; he was attacked by paralysis shortly afterwards, and KhumbaKhaUlas II. followed him on the throne (689 B.C.). The new king endeavoured to gain Assyrian favour by putting to death the son of Merodach-b ...

... iated in 1776 all the laws of division of electric current between circuits in parallel, although they are generally supposed to have been first given by Sir C. Wheatstone. Another of his great investigations was the determination of the, law according to whic ...