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ARCHON (apxuv, ruler), the title of the highest magistrate in many ancient Greek states. It is only in Athens that we have any detailed knowledge of the office, and even in this one case the evidence presents problems of the first importance which are incapabl ...

ARCACHON, a coast town of south-western France, in the department of Gironde, 37 m. W.S.W. of Bordeaux on the Southern railway. Pop. (1906) 9006. Arcachon is situated on the southern border of the lagoon of Arcachon at the foot of dunes covered with splendid p

ARCH, JOSEPH (1826- ), English politician, founder of the National Agricultural Labourers' Union, was born at Barford, a village in Warwickshire, on the loth of November 1826. His parents belonged to the labouring class. He inherited a strong sentiment of inde

ARACHNE. in Greek mythology, the daughter of Idmon of Colophon in Lydia, a dyer in purple. She had acquired such skill in the art of weaving that she ventured to challenge Athena. While the goddess took as subjects her quarrel with Poseidon as to the naming an

ARCOT, the name of a city and two districts of British India in the presidency of Madras. Arcot city is the principal town in the district of North Arcot. It occupies a very prominent place in the history of the British conquest of India, but it has now lost i

ARGON (from the Or. &-, privative, and tpyov, work; hence meaning " inert "). a gaseous constituent of atmospheric air. For more than a hundred years before 1894 it had been supposed that the composition of the atmosphere was thoroughly known. Beyond variable

ARLON, the chief town of the Belgian province of Luxemburg, situated on a hill about 1240 ft. above the sea. Pop. (1004) 10,894. It is a very ancient town, and in the time of the Romans was called Orolaunum, being a station on the Antoninian way connecting Rei

ARSON (from Lat. ardere, to burn), a crime which has been described as the malicious and voluntary burning of the house of another (3 Co. Inst. 66). At common law in England it is an offence of the degree of felony. In the Roman civil law arson was punishable

BARON (c. 1562-1639), son of Sir Mathew Arundell of Wardour Castle in Wiltshire, a member of the ancient family of Arundells of Lanhernc in Cornwall, and of Margaret, daughter of Sir Henry Willoughby, was born about 1562. In 1579 he was personally recommended

... for the rest of the year was closed. The basilissa (or basilinna), wife of the archon basileus for the time, went through a ceremony of marriage to the wine god, in which she was assisted by fourteen Athenian matrons, called geraerae, chosen by the basileus a ...

... ied the colony from Chalcis to Stagira. He was born in the oqth Olympiad in the archonship at Athens of Diotrcphes (384-383), three years before Demosthenes. In the archonship of Polyzelus (367-366), after the death of his father, in his eighteenth year, he ca ...

... miniature city; its members called themselves " citizens," and it possessed an archon, strategus, herald and other officials, after the model of ancient Athens. There is an extensive class of inscriptions, ranging from the 3rd century B.C. to the 3rd century ...

... e. Thus Pelops is the giver of the name to the Peloponnese. At Athens the chief archon of the year was known as the apx&v ejrajcujttos, as the year was known by his name. There was a similar official in ancient Assyria. In ancient times, as in historical and m ...

... e latter it was destroyed by the Goths. Its government was in the hands of five archons, a senate, a popular assembly and a registrar. The types of its coins suggest a trade in wheat, wine and fish. The few inscriptions are also mostly concerned with trade. It ...