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ETHYL CHLORIDE, or HYDROCHLORIC ETHER, C2H,C1, a chemical compound prepared by passing dry hydrochloric acid gas into absolute alcohol. It is a colourless liquid with a sweetish burning taste and an agreeable odour. It is extremely volatile, boiling at 12-5° C ...

ETHYL, in chemistry, the name given to the alkyl radical CjHj. The compounds containing this radical are treated under other headings; the hydride is better known as ethane, the alcohol, CjHsOH, is the ordinary alcohol of commerce, and the oxide (CjH6)jO is or ...

... m coal-tar a substance which >roduced a beautiful blue colour on treatment with chloride of ime; this he named kyanol or cyanol. In 1841, C. J. Fritzsche showed that by treating indigo with caustic potash it yielded an il, which he named aniline, from the spec ...

... ondensation of acetylene tetrabromide with benzene in the presence of aluminium chloride: — Br-CH Br C.H.+ I +C4H.=4HBr+C4H Br-CH-Br and similarly from methylene dibromide and benzene, and also when benzyl chloride is heated with aluminium chloride to 200° C. ...

... izes it to arsenious acid. It burns in an atmosphere of chlorine forming the trichloride; it also combines directly with bromine and sulphur on heating, while on fusion with alkalis it forms arsenites. Arsenic and most of its soluble compounds arc very poisono ...

... 4-1860) made a study of the subject and discovered that a solution of ferric perchloride in methyl alcohol rotated the plane of polarisation in an opposite direction to heavy glass MUM. CUM. M|J*, 1854, 4>, P- 37°; 1855, 43, P- 37! C0m. Rend., 1854, 39, p. 548 ...

... ing the operation The distillate is purified by treatment with lime and calcium chloride, and subsequent distillation. The mechanism of this reaction was explained by A. Williamson in 1850. For other methods of preparation see ETHERS.' i See also J. v. Liebig, ...

... n (Ann., 1831, 77, P38; 1852, 81, p. 77) prepared ether by the action of sodium ethylate on ethyl iodide, and showed that all ethers must possess the structural formula given above (see also Brit. Assoc. Reports, 1850, p. 65). They may also be prepared by heat ...

ETHYLENE, or ETHENE, C2H<, or H2C:CH3, the first representative of the series of olefine hydrocarbons, is found in coal gas. It is usually prepared by healing a mixture of ethyl alcohol and sulphuric acid. G. S. Newth (Jour. Chem. Soc., 1901, 79, p. 915) obtai ...

... reduction; it was found that glucose yielded normal heptylic acid and fructose methylbutylacetic acid; hence glucose is an aldehyde alcohol, CH2OH-(CH-OH)4-CHO, whilst fructose is a ketone alcohol CH2OH- (CH-OH),-CO-CH2OH.2 Kiliani also showed that arabinose, ...

... class III., thiodiphenylamine, CtH*^ yCtHt, being the parent substance of the methylene blue series of dyestuffs. Thiodiphenylamine THIAZOLES— THIBAUT IV. miaire (5th October 1795) he opposed those Thennidorians who wished to postpone the dissolution of the C ...

... ophen sulphonate obtained was distilled with an equivalent quantity of ammonium chloride. The distillate obtained was diluted with one hundred volumes of ligroin (previously purified by shaking with fuming sulphuric acid) and then shaken for one or two hours w ...

... tals of gypsum, but when the solution contains an excess of sodium or potassium chloride anhydrite is deposited. This is one of the several methods by which the mineral has been prepared artificially, and is identical with its mode of origin in nature, the min ...

... up to 90 %) is ancthol, CwH.jO or C.H4[i-4)(OCH,)(CH:CH-CH,.) It also contains methyl chavicol, anisic aldehyde, anisic acid, and a terpene. Most of the oil of commerce, however, of which anethol is also the chief constituent , comes from Illidum verum (order ...

... ic acid by heating phthalic anhydride with benzene in the presence of aluminium chloride. This compound on heating with phosphoric anhydride loses water and yields anthraquinone, r H ^CO^.n C«H6r H ^CO-C,H6 ^-CCK. r „ C«H«<CO>O -> 'UH<\COOH ->c'H«<<x)-> ' 4' I ...

... e compared. The more important of those in use to-day are carbolic acid, the perchloride and biniodide of mercury, iodoform, formalin, salicylic acid, &c. Carbolic acid is germicidal in strong solution, inhibitory in weaker ones. The so-called " pure" acid is ...

... t the acid is not to operate upon, or you may use a brush charged with acid, perchloride of iron being a very good mordant for the purpose. After cleaning the plate, you proceed with the weaker solutions in the same way, the weakest giving the finest granulati ...

... in the desert of Atacama, and named by D. de GaUizen in 1801. It is a cupric oxychloride, having the formula CuCl2.3Cu(OH)2, and crystallizing in the orthorhombic system. Its hardness is about 3 and its specific gravity 3-7, while its colour presents various s ...

... stric emetics in common use are alum, ammonium carbonate, zinc sulphate, sodium chloride (common salt), mustard and warm water. Copper sulphate has been purposely omitted from this list, since unless it produces vomiting very shortly after administration, bein ...

... outh Africa and India and separating two distinct marine zoological provinces." ETHYL— ETHYLENE which it is most reasonable broadly to divide mankind they may be analysed as to their racial constituents and their habitats as follows: — 1. Caucasic or White Man ...

SYLVITE, a mineral consisting of potassium chloride (KC1), first observed in 1823, as an encrustation on Vesuvian lava. Well-formed crystals were subsequently found in the salt deposits of Stassfurt in Prussia and Kalusz in Austrian Galicia. It crystallizes in ...

... of products, including gas, tar, pyroligneous acid, acetone, wood spirit (see METHYL ALCOHOL) and charcoal may be obtained, and any of these may be the primary object of the operation. The carbonization of wood can be effected in two ways: (i) by stacking and ...

... ingham. In 1799 he patented a more convenient material in bleaching powder or " chloride of lime," formed by the action of chlorine on slaked lime, and for its manufacture founded at Glasgow in 1800 the well-known St Rollox chemical works, now merged in the Un ...

THYMOL, C10H140 or CeHstOH) (CH3) (C3H7) [1:3:6], a methylisopropylphenol isomeric with carvacrol (q.v.), is an aromatic substance found with the hydrocarbons cymene, Ci0H,4, and thymene, CioH16, in oil of thyme (from Thymus vulgaris) and in other essential oi ...

... sovaleric acid or isopropylaceticacid, (CH3)2CH-CH2-CO2H, and optically active methylethylacetic acid, (CH3) (C2H6)CH-CO2H, which occur free or as esters in the vegetable and animal kingdoms, chiefly in the roots of Angelica archangelica and Valeriana officina ...