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Britannica 11th
Encyclopaedia Britannica · 11th edition
Kig. 3
Britannica 11thKIG. 3. — Bronze Spear-Head, length 19 inches. chevron patterns of chased or inlaid work both on the socket and blade. Arrow-points are much rarer in bronze than in Hint. In all probability the flint arrow-point (which was equally effective and much more easil ...
A B
Britannica 11th... d may be repeated From Parker and HaflreU'i Tat^ock ./ Zxlciy. after Hodu FIG. 43. — One of the Nymphonomorphous Pantopoda, Nympkon hispidum, showing the seven pairs of appendages I to 7; ab, the rudimentary opisthosoma ; s. the mouth-bearing proboscis. on the ...
Abakan
Britannica 11th... tion at the time of the British occupation in 1826 did not exceed 100,000. In 1831 it amounted to 173,000; in 1839 to 248,000, and in 1901 to 762,102. The principal rivers of Arakan are — (i) the Naaf estuary, in the north, which forms the boundary' between th ...
Al R
Britannica 11th... ternal cartilaginous sternum — also possessed by the Arachnida (see figs, i, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) — and of the similarity of the disposition of the six leg-like appendages around the mouth in the two cases (see figs. 45 and 63). The evidence of the exact equivale ...
Albert Frederick Pollard
Britannica 11th... rsity I of London. Assistant Editor of the Dictionary of National Biography, 1893-1901."] Author of England under the Protector Somerset; Life of Thomas Cranmer;&c. Estlenne. - Equation. Euseblus: of Caesarea. Eschatology. Espartero. Elasticity. Enamel. Embroi ...
Alexandre Chatrian
Britannica 11th... om the Democrate du Rhin),L'Illuslre Docteur Matheus (1859), Madame Therese (1863), L'Ami Fritz (1864), Hisloire d'un consent de 1813 (1864), Waterloo (1865), Le Blocus (1867), Histoire d'un paysan (4 vols., 1868-1870), L' 'Histoire du plebiscite (1872), to Le ...
Angola
Britannica 11th... nload close inshore. The coast plain extends inland for a distance varying from 30 to too m. This region is in general sparsely watered and somewhat sterile. The approach to the great central plateau of Africa is marked by a series of irregular terraces. This ...
Angoulbmb
Britannica 11thANGOULBMB, CHARLES DE VALOIS, DUKE OF (1573-1650), the natural son of Charles IX. of France and Marie Touchet, was born on the 28th of April 1573,31 the castle of Fayet in Dauphine. His father, dying in the following year, commended him to the care and favour ...
Angouleme
Britannica 11th... OULEME. a city of south-western France, capital of the department of Charente, 83 m. N.N.E. of Bordeaux on the railway between Bordeaux and Poitiers. Pop. (1006) 30,040. The town proper occupies an elevated promontory, washed on the north by the Charente and o ...
Angra
Britannica 11th... Graciosa. Pop. (1000) 10,788. Angra is built on the south coast of Terceira in 38° 38' N. and in 27° 13' W. It is the headquarters of a military command, and the residence of a Roman Catholic bishop; its principal buildings are the cathedral, military college ...
Angra Pequena
Britannica 11thANGRA PEQUENA, a bay in German South-West Africa, in 26° 38' S., 15° E., discovered by Bartholomew Diaz in 1487. F. A. E. Liideritz, of Bremen, established a trading station here in 1883, and his agent concluded treaties with the neighbouring chiefs, who ceded ...
Angstrom
Britannica 11thANGSTROM, ANDERS JONAS (1814-1874), Swedish physicist, was born on the i3th of August 1814 at Logdo, Medelpad, Sweden. He was educated at Upsala University, where in 1839 he became privat docent in physics. In 1842 he went to Stockholm Observatory in order to ...
Anguilla
Britannica 11th... presidency of St Kitts-Nevis, in the colony of the Leeward Islands. Pop. (1901) 3890, mostly negroes. It is situated in 18° 12' N. and 63° 5' W., about 60 m. N.W. of St Kitts, is 1 6 m. long and has an area of 35 sq. m. The destruction of trees by charcoal-bur ...
Angus, Earls of
Britannica 11th... with Matilda (fl. 1240), countess of Angus in her own right, who married in 1243 Gilbert de Umfravill and founded the Norman line of three earls, which ended in 1381, the then holder of the title being summoned to the English parliament. Meanwhile John Stewar ...
Anhalt
Britannica 11th... a duchy of Germany, and a constituent state of the German empire, formed, in 1863, by the amalgamation of the two duchies Anhalt-Dessau-Cothen and Anhalt-Bernburg, and comprising all the various Anhalt territories which were sundered apart in 1603. The country ...
Anhalt-Dessau, Leopold I., Prince of
Britannica 11th... surviving son of John George II. , prince of Anhalt-Dessau, and was born on the 3rd of July 1676 at Dessau. From his earliest youth he was devoted to the profession of arms, for which he educated himself physically and mentally. He became colonel of a Prussian ...
Anhydrite
Britannica 11th... re, the mineral usually presenting the form of cleavage masses. The hardness is 3 J and the specific gravity 2-9. The colour is white, sometimes greyish, bluish or reddish. On the best developed of the three cleavages the lustre is pearly, on other surfaces it ...
Ani
Britannica 11th... city, in Russian Transcaucasia, government Erivan, situated at an altitude of 4390 ft., between the Arpa-chai (Horfxuiu) and a deep ravine. In 961 it became the capital of the Bagratid kings of Armenia, and when yielded to the Byzantine emperor (1046) it was ...
Aniline
Britannica 11th... uctive distillation of ndigo in 1826 by O. Unverdorben (Pogg. Ann., 1826, 8, p. 397), who named it crystalline. In 1834, F. Runge (Pogg. Ann., 1834, 31, p. 65; 32, p. 331) isolated from coal-tar a substance which >roduced a beautiful blue colour on treatment w ...
Animal Heat
Britannica 11th... iation. In health under normal conditions the temperature of man varies between 36° C. and 38° C., or if the thermometer be placed in the axilla, between 36-23° C. and 37-5° C. In the mouth the reading would be from •25° C. to 1-5° C. higher than this; and in ...
Animal Worship
Britannica 11th... remony. The bear is traditionally associated with Bern in Switzerland, and in 1831 a statue of Artio, a bear goddess, was dug up there. Bu/alo.—The Todas of S. India abstain from the flesh of their domestic animal, the buffalo; but once a year they sacrifice a ...
Animism
Britannica 11th... lism, a view mainly associated with G. E. Stahl and revived by F. Bouillier (18131899), which makes life, or life and mind, the directive principle in evolution and growth, holding that all cannot be traced back to chemical and mechanical processes, but that t ...
Animuccia, Paolo
Britannica 11th... ni in Laterano from the middle of January 155° until 1552, and to have died in 1363.
Anise
Britannica 11th... from its fruit spreading out like a star. The anise of the Bible (Matt, rxiii. 23) is A nethum or Peucedanum frovcotens, i.e. dill (?.».).
Anjar
Britannica 11th... his obligation pressed heavily upon the resources of the native state, and in 1832 the pecuniary equivalent for Anjar, both prospectivcly and inclusive of the arrears which had accrued to that date, was wholly remitted by the British government
Ankerite
Britannica 11th... s, the general formula being Ca(Mg,Fe,Mn) (CO8)2. Normal ankerite is Ca2 MgFe(C03)4. The crystallographic and physical characters resemble those of dolomite and chalybite. The angle between the perfect rhombohedral cleavages is 73° 48', the hardness 3! to 4, a ...
Anklam
Britannica 11th... vince of Pomerania, on the Peene, 5 m. from its mouth in the Kleines HafT, and 53 m. N.W. of Stettin, by the railway to Stralsund. Pop. (1900) 14,602. The fortifications of Anklam were dismantled in 1762 and have not since been restored, although the old walls ...
Ankober
Britannica 11th... ime capital of, the kingdom of Shoa, Abyssinia, 90 m. N.E. of Adis Ababa, in 9° 34' N., 39° 54' E., on a mountain about 8500 ft. above the sea. Ankober was made (c. 1800) by Menelek II. the place of detention of political prisoners. Pop. about 2000.
Ant-Lion
Britannica 11th... s then kept clear of refuse. A full-grown larva digs a pit about 2 in. deep and 3 in. wide at the edge. The pupa stage of the ant-lion is quiescent. The larva makes a globular case of sand stuck together with fine silk spun, it is said, from a slender spinnere ...
Antaeus
Britannica 11th... ng him up from the earth crushed him to death (Apollodorus ii. 5; Hyginus, Fab. 31). The struggle between Antaeus and Heracles is a favourite subject in ancient sculpture.
Antalcidas
Britannica 11thANTALCIDAS, Spartan soldier and diplomatist. In 393 (or 392 B.C.) he was sent to Tiribazus, satrap of Sardis, to undermine the friendly relations then existing between Athens and Persia by offering to recognize Persian claims to the whole of Asia Minor. The At ...
Antananarivo
Britannica 11th... island, but only about 90 m. distant from the eastern coast, in 18° 55' S., 47° 30' E. It is 135 m. W.S.W. of Tamatave, the principal seaport of the island, with which it is connected by railway, and for about 60 m. along the coast lagoons, a service of small ...
Antarctic
Britannica 11th... ocean and the lands) round the South Pole. The Antarctic circle is drawn at 66° 30' S., but polar conditions of climate, &c., extend considerably north of the area thus enclosed. (See POLAR REGIONS.)
Ante-Chapel
Britannica 11th... ing a western transept or narthex. This model, based on Merton College chapel (i3th century), of which only chancel and transept were built though a nave was projected, was followed at Wadham, New and Magdalen Colleges, Oxford, in the new chapel of St John's C ...
Antenor
Britannica 11th... tled at Cyrene, or became the founder of Patavium. Homer, Iliad, iii. 148. vii. 347: Horace. Epp. i. a. 9; Livy i. I ; Pindar, Pytkio, v. 83; Virgil. At*, i. 343.
Antequera
Britannica 11th... Spain, in the province of Malaga; on the Bobadilla-Granada railway. Pop. (1000) 31,609. Antequera overlooks the fertile valley bounded on the S. by the Sierra de los Torcales, and on the N. by the river Guadalhorce. It occupies a commanding position, while the ...
Anteros
Britannica 11thANTEROS, pope for some weeks at the end of the year 235. Me died on the 3rd of January 236. His original epitaph was discovered in the Catacombs.
Anthem I Us
Britannica 11th... hematician and architect, who produced, under the patronage of Justinian (A.O. 532), the original and daring plans for the church of St Sophia in Constantinople, which strikingly displayed at once his knowledge and his ignorance. He was one of five brothers — ...
Anthemion
Britannica 11th... onts of ante-fixae, (2) the upper portion of the stele or vertical tombstones, (3) the necking of the Ionic columns of the Krrrht hrum and its continuation as a decorative frieze on the walls of the tame, and (4) the cymatium of a cornice. Though generally kno ...
Anthesteria
Britannica 11th... henian festivals in honour of Dionysus, held annually for three days ( 1 1 th-i 3th) in the month of Anthesterion (February-March). The object of the festival was to celebrate the maturing of the wine stored at the previous vintage, and the beginning of spring ...