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REFORMATION (1497-1528) The last twelve years of the reign of Henry VII. present in most respects a complete contrast to the earlier period, 1485-1497. There were no more rebellions, and — as we have already seen — no more plots that caused any serious danger. ...

... gang, who became prince of AnhaltCothen in 1508, was a stalwart adherent of the Reformation, and after the battle of MUhlbcrg in 1547 was placed under the ban and deprived of his lands by the emperor Charles V. After the peace of Passau in 1552 he bought back ...

... turarum (c. 1435). The book is not what moderns (schooled unconsciously in post-Reformation developments of Thomist ideas) expect under the name of natural theology. It is an attempt once more to demonstrate all scholastic dogmas out of the book of creation or ...

... cceeded his uncle James when the latter became archbishop of St Andrews. At the Reformation the abbey was dismantled and afterwards allowed to go to ruin. Part of the secular buildings still stand, and the abbot's house, or Abbey House as it is now called, is ...

... edieval Lulhera Church. canon law as confirmed or modified by statute since the Reformation. It is, therefore, as regards both the poleittu ordinis and jurisdiction, substantially the same as in the Roman Catholic Church, save as modified on the one hand by th ...

... Queen Elizabeth, they were so intimately bound up with the struggle between the Reformation and the Counter Reformation that the secular and the religious elements of the conflict cannot be separated from one another. The struggle was therefore not one between ...

... e; and before Edward Bruce in 1315, while previous to the English war after the Reformation, it had witnessed the struggles of Shane O'Neill (1564).

... was written by Caspar Brandt, sun of Gerard Brandt, the historian of the Dutch reformation, and published in 1724: republishcd and annotated by I. L. Mosheim in 1725; and translated into English by the Rev. John Guthrie, 1854. James Nichols also wrote a life ...

... tion to Christ's life in His people, to correct the purely forensic side of the Reformation theology, which paid almost exclusive attention to Christ's death for His people. Like Luther, Arndt was very fond of the little anonymous book, Deutsche Theologie. He ...

... contemporary chronicles, and by a contemporary letter (ibid.; Narratives of the Reformation, p. 305; Ellis, Original Letters, 2nd Ser. ii. 177). For four weeks she was left in prison, and at length on the i6th of July, she was burnt at Smithfield in the presen ...

... er, and in 1560 was one of the three nobles who voted in parliament against the Reformation and the Confession of Faith, and declared their adherence to Roman Catholicism. Subsequently, however, he joined the league against Huntly, whom with Murray and Morton ...

... , presiding over the famous assembly styled the Black or Long Parliament of the Reformation, which abolished the papal jurisdiction. The same year he headed a deputation of the Commons to the king to complain of Bishop Fisher's speech against their proceedings ...

... gs., 1820-1822); Werner, Geschichte der Stadt Augsburg (1899); Roth, Augsburg's Reformationsgeschichte (1902).

... e famous for its beer (" Eimbecker," whence the familiar " Bock "). In 1540 the Reformation was introduced by Duke Philip of BrunswickSaltzderhelden (d. 1551), with the death of whose son Philip II. (1596) the Grubenhagen line became extinct. In 1626, during t ...

... ated count of East Friesland by the emperor Frederick III. in 1434- In 1544 the Reformation was introduced, and in the following years numerous Protestant refugees from the Low Countries found their way to the town. In 1595 Emden became a free imperial city un ...

... ect to numerous persecutions in consequence (see WALDENSES). At the time of the Reformation they had gone over to Protestantism, and during the wars of the i6th century the new religion made great progress in Piedmont. The duke as a devout Catholic desired to ...

... . (the Great). It was afterwards fortified and received special privileges. The Reformation found many early adherents here, and the town played an important part during the religious wars of the 1 7th century. It became famous by the so-called " butchery of E ...

... majority of the inscriptions, Latin and English, from 1300 to the period of the Reformation, that have been preserved, are upon brasses (see BRASSES, MONUMENTAL). The very curious epitaph on St Bernard, probably written by a monk of Clairvaux, has the peculiar ...

... ttempt was made by the papal court to enlist him in some public way against the Reformation. On the election of Paul III. in 1534, he had, as usual, sent the new pope a congratulatory letter. After his arrival in Basel, he received a complimentary answer, toge ...

... apid development of town life (see COMMUNE). At the same time the Hildebrandine reformation was having an immense influence upon the intellectual condition of Europe. The I2th century saw the establishment of many new monastic orders (see MONASTICISM), and at ...

... ent, but had become very infrequent, if not obsolete, for many years before the Reformation. The first Prayer-Book of Edward VI. provided that if there was a celebration in church on the day on which a sick person was to receive the Holy Communion, it should b ...

... regularly appears at the opening of this stage was then useful as promoting the reformation of habits. He remarks that the contemporary formation of strong governments, disposed from the consciousness of their strength to interfere with the lives of their subj ...

... as never been confined to clerks in holy orders, and it has been worn since the Reformation by all the " ministers " (including vicars-choral and choristers) of cathedral and collegiate churches, as well as by the fellows and scholars of colleges in chapel. Th ...

... The latest occurrence of such a play seems to have been at Oxford in 1592. The Reformation marks the period of transition from the ecclesiastical to the non-ecclesiastical authority over the drama. Precautions began to be taken by the crown and the legislatur ...

... se a good churchman and an able administrator of his diocese; he encouraged the reformation of the clergy and the monasteries. In 798 he was appointed missis dominicus, and two years later performed so great services for Leo III. as judge in the cause between ...

... ion. In Christology the tradition has been more frequently challenged since the Reformation. Harnack criticizes the doctrinal development. He considers that Christianity is best defended on the basis of the doctrine that Christ is a man chosen and equipped for ...

... , who frequently resided here. The town came into prominence at the time of the Reformation. In 1526 John, elector of Saxony, Philip, landgrave of Hesse, and other Protestant princes formed a league against the Roman Catholics, and the Torgau articles, drawn u ...

... ally illiterate men, who delighted to propound their theories for the universal reformation of society and the state in rhetoric of which the characteristic phrases were borrowed from the tribune of the Jacobin Club. Later generations have learned by repeated ...

... y and general character are identified more or less closely with the Protestant Reformation or its subsequent development. The Roman Catholic Church contributed 5-9% of the organizations. Among other denominations the Jewish congregations and the Latter Day Sa ...

... the other Forest cantons, Unterwalden clung to the old faith at the time of the Reformation, being a member of the " Christliche Vereinigung " (1529) and of the Golden League (1586). In 1798 Unterwalden resisted the Helvetic republic, but, having formed part o ...