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MVP seed record for the Americana 1920 electricity article. It represents the target article shape: clean text, edition metadata, article-level provenance, and links back to the original text and scan sources.

TAR, a product of the destructive distillation of organic substances. It is a highly complex material, varying in its composition according to the nature of the body from which it Ls distilled, — different products, moreover, being obtained according to the te ...

TARAI, or TERAI (i.e. " moist land "), the name of the submontane strip of marshy jungle stretching beneath the lower ranges of the Himalaya in northern India. This strip may be said to extend roughly from the Jumna river on the west to the Brahmaputra on the ...

TARDE, GABRIEL (1843-1004), French sociologist, was born at Sarlat (Dordogne) in 1843. Entering the legal profession, he was for some time a juge d'instruction in his native town, becoming afterwards head of the statistical department of the ministry of justic ...

TARAPACA, a northern province of Chile, bounded N. by Tacna, E. by Bolivia, S. by Antofagasta, and W. by the Pacific. Area 18,131 sq. m. Pop. (1895) 89,751; (1902, estimated) 101,105. It is Part °f ^e rainless desert region of the Pacific coast of South Americ ...

TARARE, a town of east-central France, in the department of Rhone, on the Turdine, 28 m. W.N.W. of Lyons by rail. Pop. (1906) 11,643. It is the centre of a region engaged in the production of muslins, tarletans, embroidery and silk-plush, and in printing, blea ...

TARBELL, EDMUND C. (1862- ), American artist, was born at West Groton, Mass., on the 26th of April 1862. He was a pupil of the schools of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and of Boulanger and Lefebvre, Paris, and became a distinguished painter of the landscape, ...

TARBERT, a fishing village at the head of East Loch Tarbert, an arm of the sea on the west shore of the mouth of Loch Fyne, Aigyllshire, Scotland. Pop. (1901) 1697. The harbour, though it has a narrow entrance, is absolutely safe and can shelter the whole of t ...

TARBUSH (Arab tarbush), the close-fitting, flat-topped and brimless cap, in shape like a truncated cone, made of felt or cloth, worn by Mahommedan men throughout the East either as a separate headgear or forming the inner part of the turban. It is worn as the ...

TARLTON, RICHARD (d. 1588), English actor, was probably at one time an inn-keeper, but in 1583, when he is mentioned as one of the original company of queen's players, was already an experienced actor. He was Elizabeth's favourite clown, and his talent for imp ...

TARNOPOL, a town in Galicia, Austria, 87 m. E.S.E. of Lemberg by rail. Pop. (1900) 30,368, half of which are Jews. Industry consists chiefly in corn-milling and the preparation of wax and honey. The principal trade is in horses, corn and other agricultural pro ...

TARNOW, a town in Galicia, Austria, 164 m. W.N.W. of Lemberg by rail. Pop. (1900) 31,691, about 40 per cent. Jews. It is situated on the river Biala, not far from its junction with the Dunajec, and is the seat of a Roman Catholic bishop. It possesses a cathedr ...

... O.E tear, taer, is represented in other Teutonic languages by Dan. taar; Swed. tar; Goth, lagr, &c. The O.H.G. was zahar; the mod. Ger. Ziihre was formed from the M.H.G. plural Zahere. The commoner word in Ger. Throne, cf. Du. traan, is closely allied. The or ...

... Nympkon hispidum, showing the seven pairs of appendages I to 7; ab, the rudimentary opisthosoma ; s. the mouth-bearing proboscis. on the 4th, 5th, and 6th. In all known Pantopoda the size of the body is quite minute as compared with that of the limbs: the ali ...

... od according to Buddhist tenets, and such learning as is esteemed among their votaries. The Arakanese are of Burmese origin, but separated from the parent stock by the Arakan Yoma mountains, and they have a dialect and customs of their own. Though conquered by ...

... which developed after 1870 into hatred of the Germans. The authors attacked militarism by depicting the horrors of war in the plainest terms. See also J. Claretie, Erckmann-Chatrian (1883), in the series of " Celebrites contemporaines."

... to build government offices. There is a fort, built about 1850, and a small military force is at the disposal of the Portuguese resident. Bembe and Encoje are smaller towns in the Congo district south of Sao Salvador. Bihe, the capital of the plateau district ...

... north by the Charente and on the south and west by the Anguienne, a small tributary of that river. The more important of the suburbs lie towards the east, where the promontory joins the main plateau, of which it forms the north-western extremity. The main lin ...

... ast of Terceira in 38° 38' N. and in 27° 13' W. It is the headquarters of a military command, and the residence of a Roman Catholic bishop; its principal buildings are the cathedral, military college, arsenal and observatory. The harbour, now of little commerc ...

... mies of Europe. That it proved, when put to the test, to be by far the best military force existing, may be taken as the summary result of Leopold's work. The " Old Dessauer " was one of the sternest disciplinarians in an age of stern discipline, and the techn ...

... In 1834, F. Runge (Pogg. Ann., 1834, 31, p. 65; 32, p. 331) isolated from coal-tar a substance which >roduced a beautiful blue colour on treatment with chloride of ime; this he named kyanol or cyanol. In 1841, C. J. Fritzsche showed that by treating indigo wi ...

... gulation has become paralysed. The respiration and heart-rate being »7-2 also retarded during this period, the resemblance to the condition of hibernation is considerable. Again, Sutherland Simpson has shown that during deep anaesthesia a warm-blooded animal t ...

... (ii.) anthropomorphic tendencies, (iii.) the influence of chieftainship, hereditary and otherwise, (iv.) annual sacrifice of the sacred animal and mystical ideas connected therewith, (v.) syncretism, due either to unity of function or to a philosophic unifica ...

... age. The river speeding on its course to the sea, the sun and moon, if not the stars also, on their never-ceasing daily round, the lightning, fire, the wind, the sea, all are in motion and therefore animate; but the savage does not stop short here; mountains a ...

... rum (order Uagnoliaceae, sub-order W inter eae), indigenous in N.E. China, the star-anise of liqueur makers. It receives its name from its flavour, and from its fruit spreading out like a star. The anise of the Bible (Matt, rxiii. 23) is A nethum or Peucedanum ...

... walls are still standing; formerly, however, it was a town of considerable military importance, which suffered severely during the Thirty Years' and the Seven Years' Wars; and this fact, together with the repeated ravages of fire and of the plague, has made i ...

... rnal and are believed to be carnivorous. The best-known species, Myrmeleon formitariuj, which may be found adult in the late summer, occurs in many countries on the European continent, though like the rest of this group it is not indigenous in England. Strictl ...

... placed on the walls built with unburnt brick or in rubble masonry with clay mortar. When between these winged walls there are columns to carry the architrave, so as to form a porch, the latter is said to be in-antis. (See TEMPLE.)

... Antalcidas, deeply chagrined and fearful of the consequences, is said to have starved himself to death. (See^SpARTA.)

ANTARCTIC (Gr. dirl, opposite, and &pxrot, the Bear, the northern constellation of Una Major), the epithet applied to the region (including both the ocean and the lands) round the South Pole. The Antarctic circle is drawn at 66° 30' S., but polar conditions of ...

... nquered by Romulus after the rape of the Sabine women, and to have assisted the Tarquins. Certainly it soon lost its independence, and in Strabo's time was a mere village. The site is one of great strength, and is now occupied by a fort, in the construction of ...

... alked abroad; people chewed leaves of whitethorn and besmeared their doors with tar to protect themselves from evil. But at least in private circles the festive character of the ceremonies predominated. The third day was named Chylri (feast of pots, from xvrpa ...

... g. trans., London, 1896). His works, consisting of sermons and a mystical commentary on the Bible, were published in an appendix to those of St Francis, in the Annalfs Minorum of Luke VV adding (Antwerp, 1623), and are also reproduced by Horoy, Medii aem bibli ...

... bedded (Keroeides, Melitodes). Nearly all the Alcyonaria are colonial. Four solitary species have been described, viz. Haimea funebris and H. hyalina, Hartea elegans, and Manoxenia Darwinii; but it is doubtful whether these are not the young forms of colonies. ...

... eek a»0pa£, coal), C,4H,0, a hydrocarbon obtained from the fraction of the coal-tar distillate boiling between 270° and 400° C. This high boiling fraction is allowed to stand for some days, when it partially solidifies. It is then separated in a centrifugal ma ...

... avOpat, coal), a term applied to those varieties of coal which do not give off tarry or other hydrocarbon vapours when heated below their point of ignition; or, in other words, which bum with a smokeless and nearly non-luminous flame. Other terms having the s ...

... ons throughout the body, the blood in the vessel* generally being very dark and tar-like. The most notable feature, however, in the majority of cues is the enormous enlargement of the spleen, which is engorged with blood to such an extent that it often rupture ...

... h man and the baboons, the anthropoid apes form the group known to science as Catarhini, those, that is, possessing a narrow nasal septum, and are thus easily distinguishable from the flat-nosed monkeys or Platyrhini. The anthropoid apes are arboreal and confi ...

... ter, too, were largely Conservatives, and their points of contact with the proletariat were at best artificial. Among the Hessian peasantry the inflammatory appeals of Bockel secured many adherents. This paved the way for a new anti-Semitic leader, Herrmann Ah ...

... , chinosol, a yellow substance freely soluble in water, and lysol, another coal-tar derivative, are much used. But every antiseptic, however good, is more or less toxic and irritating to a wounded surface. Hence it is that the " antiseptic " method has been re ...