{"article":{"id":"britannica-11-thorianite","work_id":"britannica-11","title":"Thorianite","normalized_title":"thorianite","slug":"thorianite","aliases":[],"subtitle":"Internet Archive OCR import","body_text":"THORIANITE, a rare mineral, discovered by W. D. Holland, and found in the gem-gravels of Ceylon, where it occurs as small, heavy, black, cubic crystals, usually much water-worn. It was so named by W. R. Dunstan, on account of its high percentage of thorium (about 70% ThO2); it also contains the oxides of uranium, lanthanum, cerium and didymium. Helium is present, and the mineral is slightly less radio-active than pitchblende. It has been examined for new elements. Miss Evans (Journ. Chem. Soc., 1908, 93, p. 666) obtained what is possibly a new element, whilst M. Ogawa (Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, 1908, vol. 25) found indications of three new species: one which he called nipponium, with an equivalent weight of about 50 and atomic weight 100; the second with an equivalent of about 16-7; whilst the third yielded a radio-active oxide.","body_html":"<p>THORIANITE, a rare mineral, discovered by W. D. Holland, and found in the gem-gravels of Ceylon, where it occurs as small, heavy, black, cubic crystals, usually much water-worn. It was so named by W. R. Dunstan, on account of its high percentage of thorium (about 70% ThO2); it also contains the oxides of uranium, lanthanum, cerium and didymium. Helium is present, and the mineral is slightly less radio-active than pitchblende. It has been examined for new elements. Miss Evans (Journ. Chem. Soc., 1908, 93, p. 666) obtained what is possibly a new element, whilst M. Ogawa (Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, 1908, vol. 25) found indications of three new species: one which he called nipponium, with an equivalent weight of about 50 and atomic weight 100; the second with an equivalent of about 16-7; whilst the third yielded a radio-active oxide.</p>","volume_id":"britannica-11-v26","page_range_label":"Vol. 26, pp. 878-878","source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri26chisrich/page/n931/mode/1up","text_source_url":"https://archive.org/download/encyclopaediabri26chisrich/encyclopaediabri26chisrich_djvu.txt","scan_source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri26chisrich","quality_status":"ocr-imported-page-aligned","parser_version":"ia-djvu-xml-v1","page_refs":[{"page_number":"878","label":"p. 878","image_url":"/source-assets/scans/britannica-11/encyclopaediabri26chisrich/encyclopaediabri26chisrich_0932.jpg","source_image_url":"https://archive.org/download/encyclopaediabri26chisrich/encyclopaediabri26chisrich_jp2.zip/encyclopaediabri26chisrich_jp2%2Fencyclopaediabri26chisrich_0932.jp2&ext=jpg","source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri26chisrich/page/n931/mode/1up"}]},"work":{"id":"britannica-11","slug":"britannica-11","title":"Encyclopaedia Britannica","short_title":"Britannica 11th","edition":"11th edition","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publication_start_year":1910,"publication_end_year":1911,"language":"English","country":"United Kingdom / United States","copyright_status_note":"First published before 1931; treated as public domain in the United States. Verify jurisdiction before redistribution outside the U.S.","source_quality":"mixed-clean-and-ocr","text_source_url":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica","scan_source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri","volumes":[{"id":"britannica-11-v1","volume_number":"1","title":"A to Androphagi","year":1910,"source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri01chisrich","text_source_url":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica","scan_source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri01chisrich","page_count":1084},{"id":"britannica-11-v2","volume_number":"2","title":"Andros to Austria","year":1910,"source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri02chisrich","text_source_url":"https://archive.org/download/encyclopaediabri02chisrich/encyclopaediabri02chisrich_djvu.txt","scan_source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri02chisrich","page_count":null},{"id":"britannica-11-v9","volume_number":"9","title":"Edwardes to Evangelical Association","year":1910,"source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabrit09chisrich","text_source_url":"https://archive.org/download/encyclopaediabrit09chisrich/encyclopaediabrit09chisrich_djvu.txt","scan_source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabrit09chisrich","page_count":null},{"id":"britannica-11-v26","volume_number":"26","title":"Submarine Mines to Tom-Tom","year":1911,"source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri26chisrich","text_source_url":"https://archive.org/download/encyclopaediabri26chisrich/encyclopaediabri26chisrich_djvu.txt","scan_source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri26chisrich","page_count":null},{"id":"britannica-11-v27","volume_number":"27","title":"Tonality to Vesuvius","year":1911,"source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri27chisrich","text_source_url":"https://ia903207.us.archive.org/15/items/encyclopaediabri27chisrich/encyclopaediabri27chisrich_djvu.txt","scan_source_url":"https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabri27chisrich","page_count":null}]}}