Apollonius

APOLLONIUS, surnamed 6 6wr<coXos (" the Surly or Crabbed"), a celebrated grammarian of Alexandria, who lived in the reigns of Hadrian and Antoninus Pius. He spent the greater part of his life in his native city, where he died; he is also said to have visited Rome and attracted the attention of Antoninus. He was the founder of scientific grammar and is styled by Priscian grammaticorurn princeps. Four of his works are extant: On Syntax, ed. Bekker, 1817; and three smaller treatises, on Pronouns, Conjunctions and Adverbs, ed. Schneider, 1878. Grammatici Graeci, i. in Teubner series; Egger, Apollonius Dyscole (1854). APOLLONIUS, surnamed 6 juaXaxos ("the Effeminate"), a Greek rhetorician of Alabanda in Caria, who flourished about 120 B.C. After studying under Menecles, chief of the Asiatic school of oratory, he settled in Rhodes, where he taught rhetoric, among his pupils being Mark Antony. APOLLONIUS, surnamed " the Sophist," of Alexandria, a famous grammarian, who probably lived towards the end of the ist century A.D. He was the author of a Homeric lexicon (Ae£«s 'O/^rjpiKcu), the only work of the kind we possess. His chief authorities were Aristarchus and Apion's Homeric glossary. Edition by Villoison (1773), I.

Bekker (1833) ; Leyde, De Apollonii Sophistae Lexico Homerico (1885); E. W. B. Nicholson on a newly discovered fragment in Classical Review (Nov. 1897). APOLLONIUS MOLON (sometimes called simply MOLON), a Greek rhetorician, who flourished about 70 B.C. He was a native of Alabanda, a pupil of Menecles, and settled at Rhodes. He twice visited Rome as an ambassador from Rhodes, and Cicero and Caesar took lessons from him. He endeavoured to moderate the florid Asiatic style and cultivated an " Atticizing " tendency. He wrote on Homer, and, according to Josephus, violently attacked the Jews. See C. Miiller, Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum, iii. ; E. Schiirer, History of the Jewish People, iii. (Eng. tr. 1886).