Search the scanned history of knowledge.

ARBOR DAY, the name applied in the United States of America to a day appointed for the public planting of trees (see ARBOUR). Originating, or at least being first successfully put into operation, in Nebraska in 1872 through the instrumentality of J. Sterling M ...

ARBOR VITAE (Tree of Life), a name given by Clusius to species of Thuja. The name Thuja, which was adopted by Linnaeus from the Thuya of Tournefort, seems to be derived from the Greek word 0iios, signifying sacrifice, probably because the resin procured from t ...

THANKSGIVING DAY, in the United States, the fourth Thursday in November, annually set apart for thanksgiving by proclamation of the president and of the governors of the various states. The day is observed with religious services in the churches, and, especial ...

... forming " coral " (?.».). Although corals have been familiar objects since the days of antiquity, and the variety known as the precious red coral has been for a long time an article of commerce in the Mediterranean, it wasonly in the iSth century that their t ...

... d Theodosius to appoint him chief minister for his young brother-in-law ARBOIS -ARBORETUM Valentinian II. Ilia rule was moil energetic; but while he favoured the barbarians in the imperial service, and appointed them to high office, Valentinian, openly jealous ...

ARBORETUM, the name given to that part of a garden or park which is reserved for the growth and display of trees. The term, in this restricted sense, was seemingly first so employed in 1838 by J. C. Loudon, in his book upon arboreta and fruit trees. Professor ...

ARBORICULTURE (Lat. arbor, a tree), the science and art of tree-cultivation. The culture of those plants which supply the food of man or nourish the domestic animals must have exclusively occupied his attention for many ages; whilst the timber employed in hous ...

... urrent in 1799. The second dates from Volta's discovery to the discovery by Faraday in 1831 of the induction of electric currents and the creation of currents by the motion of conductors in magnetic fields, which initiated the era of modern electrotechnics. Th ...

... een twice exiled, and had been twice recalled by the king, he was besieged in Scarborough and captured by the earl of Pembroke. He was being conducted to London to be tried in parliament, when his two greatest enemies, Thomas of Lancaster and Guy, earl of Warw ...

... by Schilling, whose work forms the foundation of much of modern telegraphy. Faraday's discovery of the induced current produced by passing a magnet through a helix of wire forming part of a closed circuit was laid hold of in the telegraph of Gauss and Weber, a ...

... discontinued the connexion. The single-wire earthed circuits used in the early days of telephony were subject to serious disturbances from the induction caused by currents in neighbouring telegraph and electric light wires, and from the varying potential of t ...

... eevil, preying on the cotton, is the most noxious of .the insects. Flora. — The arboreal flora of Louisiana and Arkansas extends into north-eastern Texas, conformable with the Coastal Plain, where, immediately south of the Colorado river, the great pine belt o ...

... d the beginning of a later cycle. Thus interpreted, the Appalachian forms of to-day may be ascribed to three cycles of erosion : a nearly complete Mesozoic cycle, in which most of the previously folded and faulted mountain masses were reduced in Cretaceous tim ...

... mall huts of the simplest constuction, used chiefly as sleeping apartments; the day is spent in an open space in front of the hut protected from the sun by a roof of palm or other leaves. Chief Towns. — The chief towns are Sao Paulo de Loanda, the capital, Kab ...

ANGOUMOIS, an old province of France, nearly corresponding to-day to the department of Charente. Its capital was Angouleme. See Essai d'une bibliothtque historique de fAngoumois, by E. Castaigne (1845).

... this last field his words were, " O Lord God, let me not be disgraced in my old days. Or if Thou wilt not help me, do not help these scoundrels, but leave us to try it ourselves." With this great victory Leopold's career ended. He retired from active service, ...

... nt can maintain their temperature fairly constant. In strong, healthy infants a day or two old the temperature rises slightly, but in that of weakly, ill-developed children it either remains stationary or falls. The cause of the variable temperature in infants ...

... rewarded, and the bull underwent four months' education at Nilopolis. Its birthday was celebrated once a year; oxen, which had to be pure white, were sacrificed to it; women were forbidden to approach it when once its education was finished. Oracles were obta ...

... was no invenlion of Ihe poet's bul a piece of traditionary lore; at the present day among the Bosutos it is held thai a man walking by Ihe brink of a river may lose his life if his shadow falls on Ihe waler, for a crocodile may seize it and draw him in; in Tas ...

... he great anteater, and differ essentially from it in their habits, being mainly arboreal. They inhabit the dense primeval forests of South and Central America. The usual colour is yellowishwhite, with a broad black lateral band, covering nearly the whole of th ...

... e of the four Athenian festivals in honour of Dionysus, held annually for three days ( 1 1 th-i 3th) in the month of Anthesterion (February-March). The object of the festival was to celebrate the maturing of the wine stored at the previous vintage, and the beg ...

... etween 270° and 400° C. This high boiling fraction is allowed to stand for some days, when it partially solidifies. It is then separated in a centrifugal machine, the low melting-point impurities are removed by means of hot water, and the residue is finally ho ...

... arbuncles before general infection takes place, death may not occur for several days. The carbuncles may appear in any part of the body, being preceded or accompanied by fever. They are developed in the subcutaneous connective tissue where this is loose and pl ...

... tinguishable from the flat-nosed monkeys or Platyrhini. The anthropoid apes are arboreal and confined to the Old World. They are of special interest from the important place assigned to them in the arguments of Darwin and the Evolutionists. It is generally adm ...

... -69). Thus the " Semitic domination," as it was afterwards called, became every day more strongly accentuated. If it was a long time in exciting resentment and jealousy, the reason was that it was in no sense alien to the new conditions of the national life. T ...

... t might not develop. But for various reasons this was an inexact method, and to-day an antiseptic is judged by its effects on pure cultures of definite pathogenic microbes, and on their vegetative and spore forms. Their standardization has been effected in man ...

... triple form in which the ancient sacred hymns of Greece were composed, from the days of Stesichorus onwards. As Milton says, " strophe, antistrophe and epode were a kind of stanza framed only for the music then used with the chorus that sang."

... us was obliged to lead an army into Etruria, but handed over the command on the day of battle to Marcus Petreius, on the ground of ill-health. He then went to Macedonia, where he made himself so detested by his oppression and extortions that he left the provin ...

... bably illegitimate. The earldom has continued in the family down to the present day, the nth earl (b. 1851) succeeding in 1869. See also An Historical Account of the MacDonnells of Antrim, by G. Hill (1873). ANTRIM, RANDAL MACDONNELL, IST MARQUESS OF (16091683 ...

... describes the activity of the port, into which 500 ships sometimes passed in a day, and as evidence of the extent of its land trade he mentioned that 2000 carts entered the city each week. Venice had fallen from its first place in European commerce, but still ...

... ce of Eridu remained a fixed tradition in the minds of the people to the latest days, and analogy therefore justifies the conclusion that Anu was likewise worshipped in a centre which had acquired great prominence. The summingup of divine powers manifested in ...

... asure, respectively to the fiercer and milder aspects of the dog-tribe. In late days the Greeks report that ttim (dogs) were the sacred animals of Anubis while those of Ophois were Xuox (wolves). The above figure 3=^ is coloured black as befits a funerary and ...

... t took place in the month of Pyanepsion (October to November), and lasted three days, on which occasion the various phratries (i.e. dans) of Attica met to discuss their affairs. The name is a slightly modified form of dTaTOpto = a/iajraropta, 6/uotraTOpta, the ...

... o. What these were it is impossible to say: perspective cannot have been in his day at an advanced stage. Among his works were an Odysseus, a priest in prayer, and an Ajax struck by lightning. APOLLODORUS, an Athenian grammarian, pupil of Aristarchus and Panae ...

... e, if bitterer still), Lactantius Firmianus, &c., &C.1 As Christianity wins the day, a new objection is raised to it. The age is full of troubles; Christianity is ruining the empire! Besides notices elsewhere, we find the charge specially dealt with by St Augu ...

... uro^ty no.) , a short and pointed utterance. The usual spelling up to Johnson's day was apothegm, which Webster and Worcester still prefer; it indicates the pronunciation— i.e. " apothem " — better than the other, which, however, is more usual in England and f ...

... al envoy of Jesus Christ. How far it had any similar use in Judaism in Christ's day is uncertain; but in the 4th century A.D., at any rate, it denoted responsible envoys from the central Jewish authority, especially for the collection of religious funds. In it ...

... f thirteen was sold at Christie's in 1004 for £4000. See William Hone. The Everyday Book and Table Book (1831); and W. J. Cripps, Old English Plate (9th ed., 1906).

... re their incorporation with the Epistles of Clement in the New Testament of his day. The Codes Alexandrinus does indeed append the Clementine Epistles to its text of the New Testament. The Canons may be a little later in date than the preceding Constitutions, ...

... iven from at least the beginning of the 4th century to church writers of former days, as being the parents of Christian belief and thought for later times, the expression " Apostolic Fathers" dates only from the latter part of the I7th century. The idea of rec ...