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ARTUSI. GIOVANNI MARIA. Italian composer and musical theorist, was born in Bologna, and died on the i8th of August 1613. He was canonico regutare at the church of San Salvatore in his native city. He is chiefly famous in the history of music for his attacks up ...

ANIMUCCIA. GIOVANNI. Italian musical composer, was born at Florence in the last years of the 1 5th century. At the request of St Filippo Neri he composed a number of Laudi, or hymns of praise, to be sung after sermon time, which have given him an accidental pr ...

... sques, chiefly executed for Raphael by Giulio Romano, Gian Francesco Penni, and Giovanni da Udine, though beautiful as works of painting, are often very extravagant in their composition, ludicrous and sometimes aesthetically offensive; as are also many of the ...

... s, are as follows: — (i) Bologna (147,898), Imola (33.144), Budrio (17,077), S. Giovanni in Persiceto (15,978), Castelfranco (13,484), Castel •The obvious misprint of Dromeicus in this author's work (Analyte, &c., p. 54) was foolishly followed by many naturali ...

... sidence of the patriarchs of Aquileia, and now used as a prison, was erected by Giovanni Fontana in 1517 in place of the older one destroyed by an earthquake in 1511. The Romanesque cathedral contains some interesting examples of native art (by Giovanni Martin ...

... g of the various parishes, Olivolo or Castello, St Raffaello, St Salvadore, Sta Maria Formosa, S. Giovanni in Bragora, the Apostoli and Sta Giustina. Tradition has it that the earliest church in Venice was S. Giacomo di Rialto, 1 Secretary to Theodoric the Gre ...

... e exportation of pineapples and other fruit. Angra served as a refuge for Queen Maria II. of Portugal from 1830 to 1833.

PAOLO ANIMUCCM, a brother of Giovanni, was also celebrated as a composer; he is said by Fctis to have been maestro di capella at S. Giovanni in Laterano from the middle of January 155° until 1552, and to have died in 1363.

... versed in Roman jurisprudence; and Metrodorus was one of the distinguished grammarians of the great Eastern capital. It is related of Anthemius that, having a quarrel with his next-door neighbour Zeno, he annoyed him in two ways. First, he made a number of le ...

... evalier, Rep. des. s. hist. (1905), pp. 285-286. ANTONINUS LIBERALIS, Greek grammarian, probably flourished about A.D. 150. He wrote a collection of forty-one tales of mythical metamorphoses (Merajuop</>a>crea>i' Swcrya^ij), chiefly valuable as a source of myt ...

ANTONINUS LIBERALIS, Greek grammarian, probably flourished about A.D. 150. He wrote a collection of forty-one tales of mythical metamorphoses (Merajuop</>a>crea>i' Swcrya^ij), chiefly valuable as a source of mythological knowledge. Westermann, Mythographi Crae ...

... priest in prayer, and an Ajax struck by lightning. APOLLODORUS, an Athenian grammarian, pupil of Aristarchus and Panaetius the Stoic, who lived about 140 B.C. He was a prolific and versatile writer. There is extant under his name a treatise on the gods and the ...

APOLLONIUS, surnamed 6 6wr<coXos (" the Surly or Crabbed"), a celebrated grammarian of Alexandria, who lived in the reigns of Hadrian and Antoninus Pius. He spent the greater part of his life in his native city, where he died; he is also said to have visited R ...

APOLLONIUS OF RHODES (RHODIUS), a Greek epic poet and grammarian, of Alexandria, who flourished under the Ptolemies Philopator and Epiphanes (222-181 B.C.). He was the pupil of Calh'machus, with whom he subsequently quarrelled. In his youth he composed the wor ...

... heathen. It was renewed by Pope Clement XIII. in 1758 hi favour of the empress Maria Theresa and her descendants. The emperor of Austria bears the title of apostolic king of Hungary.

... gainst the pope, and Sixtus against Philip. For prudential reasons, he silenced Mariana, whose doctrine on tyrannicide had produced deep indignation in France; and he also appears to have discountenanced the action of the French Jesuits in favour of the League ...

AQUILA ROMANUS. a Latin grammarian who flourished in the second half of the 3rd century A.D. He was the author of an extant treatise De Figuris Sententiantm et Elocuiionii, written as an instalment of a complete rhetorical handbook for the use of a young and e ...

... al arch with composite capitals, and close to it the nth-century basilica of S. Maria Libera, a handsome building in the Romanesque style, but now roofless. Several Roman inscriptions are built into it, and many others that have been found indicate the ancient ...

... prime minister in 1792. In reality he was merely used as a screen by the queen Maria Louisa and her favourite Godoy. His open sympathy with the French Revolution brought him into collision with the violent reaction produced in Spain by the excesses of the Jac ...

... volumes of masses, besides contributing motets to various collections. The Ave Maria, ascribed to him and transcribed as a pianoforte piece by Liszt, does not seem to be traced to an earlier source than its edition by Sir Henry Bishop, which has possibly the ...

... den Kaisern Arcadius und Theodosius II. (1885). ARCADIUS, of Antioch, Greek grammarian, flourished in the 2nd century A.D. According to Suidas, he wrote treatises on orthography and syntax, and an onomaticon (vocabulary), described as a wonderful production. A ...

... nce of Cadiz ; on the right bank of the river Guadalete, which flows past Santa Maria into the Bay of Cadiz. Pop. ( 1 900) 13,926. The town occupies a ridge of sandstone, washed on three sides by the river, and commanding fine views of the lofty peak of San Cr ...

... rtstomathy written by I'roclus the Neo-Platonist of the 5th century or by a grammarian of the same name in the time of the Antonines. The Afthiopis (AldiorU), in five books, was so called from the Aethiopian Memnon, who became the ally of the Trojans after the ...

... wonders. Besides a valuable account of the principal sacred sites of Judaea, Samaria and Galilee as they existed in the 7th century, he also gives important information as to Alexandria and Constantinople, briefly describes Damascus and Tyre, the Nile and the ...

... f Addison's Rosamond, the heroine's part being performed by his sister, Susanna Maria, who afterwards became celebrated as Mrs Gibber. This proving a success was immediately followed by a burletta, entitled The Opera of Operas, based on Fielding's Tragedy of T ...

... hemberr (Vienna, 1863); Print Euten von Savoyen (3 vols., ib. 1864); Gesch. der Maria Theresa (10 TOM.. ib. 1863-1879); Maria Theresa u. Marie Antoinette, ihr Brief wechsel (ib. 1866); Marie Antoinette, Joseph II. und Leopold II., ihr Briefwechsel (1866); Mari ...

... discipline or dexterity of the geometer, the astronomer, the logician, the grammarian, or other person whose business it is to collect and classify facts for contemplation, in so far the usage is just. The same justification may be extended to another usage, ...

... on of the family estates, and in 1663 was made master of the horse to Henrietta Maria. He was one of the few admitted to the king's confidence concerning the projects for the restoration of the Roman Catholic religion and the alliance with France. In 1669 he t ...

ARUSIANUS MESSIUS, or MESSUS, Latin grammarian, flourished in the 4th century A.D. He was the author of a small extant work Exempla Elocutionum, dedicated to Olybrius and Probinus, consuls for the year 395. It contains an alphabetical ARVAL BROTHERS— ARYAN lis ...

ASPER, AEMILIUS. Latin grammarian, possibly lived in the jnd c«ntury A.D. He wrote commentaries on Terence, Sallust and Virgil. Numerous fragments of the last show that as both critic and commentator he possessed good judgment and taste. They arc printed in Kc ...

... ared no more inevitable than that of Aristotle; advanced thinkers like Domenico Maria Novara (1454-1504) promulgated sub rosa what were called Pythagorean opinions; and ^^ they were eagerly and fully appropriated by Nicolaus aku*^ Copernicus during his student ...

... 1. See ORNITHOLOGY; also Audubon and his Journals (1897), by his grand-daughter Maria R. Audubon, with notes by Elliot Coues.

... itle of " imperial chamberlain " was conferred upon him, and in 1839 he married Maria, daughter of Count Attems. After the revolution of 1848 at Vienna he represented the district of Laibach at the German national assembly at Frankfort-on-theMain, to which he ...

... ia, 37 m. from the latter. Its remains are fully and accurately described by L. Mariani in Monumenti dei Lincei (1901), 225 seq.: cf. Notizie degli scavi, 1001, 442 seq.; 1902, 516 seq. The ancient city occupied two hills, both over 3800 ft. above sea-level (i ...

... of Vienna. Education. — The system of elementary schools dates from the time of Maria Theresa; the present organization was introduced by the education law of May 14, 1869 (amended in 1883). By this law the control of the schools, hitherto in the hands of the ...

... libus conciliis ; (4) De schismaticis et haereticis. His De conceptime deiparae Mariae, libri viii. (Rome, 1547), was edited with preface and notes by E. B. Pusey (London, 1869 seq.).

... eus in mentioning his experiments gives the stone the name of lapis eleltricus. Giovanni Caraffa, duca di Noja (1715-1768), was led in 1758 to purchase some of the stones called tourmaline in Holland, and, assisted by L. J. M. Daubenton and Michel Adanson, he ...

... the invaders were struck blind, and in this state they were led by Elisha to Samaria, where their sight was restored. Their lives were spared at the command of the prophet, and they returned home so impressed that their incursions thenceforward ceased (vi. 8- ...

... t, the most complete system of education provided for Hungary since the days of Maria Theresa. Good Catholic though he was (in matters of religion he had been the friend and was the disciple of Montalembert), Eotvos looked with disfavour on the dogma of papal ...

... sity, the military instructors were replaced by philosophers, rhetoricians, grammarians and artists. In Roman imperial times several new officials were introduced, one of special importance being the director of the Diogeneion, where youths under age were trai ...