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Britannica 11th
Encyclopaedia Britannica · 11th edition
England
Britannica 11thENGLAND, CHURCH OF). The Church of Ireland had at the time of the Act of Union four archbishops, who took their titles from Armagh, Dublin, Cashel and Tuam. By acts of 1833 and 1834, the metropolitans of Cashel and of Tuam were reduced to the status of diocesa ...
Renaissance Architecture In England
Britannica 11thIn England, as in France, the influence of the Classic Revival was first seen in connexion with tombs and church work, though not nearly to the same extent as in France, where throughout the country the work of the Italian sculptor is to be found not only in c ...
Eland
Britannica 11thELAND (=elk), the Dutch name for the krgcst of the South African antelopes (Taurotragus oryx), a. species near akin to the kudu, but with horns present in both sexes, and their spiral much closer, being in fact screw-like instead of corkscrew-like. There is al
Albert Frederick Pollard
Britannica 11th... ssistant Editor of the Dictionary of National Biography, 1893-1901."] Author of England under the Protector Somerset; Life of Thomas Cranmer;&c. Estlenne. - Equation. Euseblus: of Caesarea. Eschatology. Espartero. Elasticity. Enamel. Embroidery (in part). Eliz ...
Angola
Britannica 11th... Communications. — There is a regular steamship communication between Portugal, England and Germany, and Loanda, which port is within sixteen days' steam of Lisbon. There is also a regular service between Cape Town, Lobito and Lisbon and Southampton. The Portu ...
Angus, Earls of
Britannica 11th... s granted by King Robert II. He was taken prisoner at Homildon Hill and died in England. The 5th earl was his great-grandson. ARCHIBALD DOUGLAS, 5th earl of Angus (c. MSO-C. 1514), the famous " Bell the Cat," was born about 1450 and succeeded his father, Georg ...
Ant-Lion
Britannica 11th... European continent, though like the rest of this group it is not indigenous in England. Strictly speaking, however, the term ant-lion applies to the larval form, which has been known scientifically for over two hundred years, on account of its peculiar and fo ...
Anthem
Britannica 11th... tricted to a form of church music, particularly in the service of the Church of England, in which it is appointed by the rubrics to follow the third collect at both morning and evening prayer, " in choirs and places where they sing." It is just as usual in thi ...
Anthrax
Britannica 11th... Bradford, reported by Dr J. H. Bell of that town, led to an official inquiry in England by the Local Government Board, and an elaborate investigation into the pathology of what was then called " woolsorters' disease " was at the same time conducted at the Brow ...
Anti-Semitism
Britannica 11th... s leaders, especially of Lasker and Bamberger, who had learnt their politics in England, was to obtain a constitutional and economic regime similar to that of the British Isles. The organization of German unity was now completed, and they regarded the new over ...
Antrim
Britannica 11th... se of the Northern Counties system, under the control of the Midland railway of England. The chief routes are: — Belfast, Antrim, Ballymena (and thence to Coleraine and Londonderry); a line diverging from this at White Abbey to Carrickfergus and Larne, the por ...
Antrim. Randal Macdonnell
Britannica 11th... ned to Oxford in December with a scheme for raising 10,000 Irish for service in England and 2000 to join Montrose in Scotland, which through the influence of the duchess of Buckingham secured the consent of the king. On the 26th of January 1644 Antrim was crea ...
Apollonius Of Tyre
Britannica 11th... 1576, new ed. 1607), also of the Scandinavian, Czech, and' Hungarian tales. In England a translation was made as early as the nth century (ed. B. Thorpe, 1834, and J. Zupitza in Archivfur neuere Sprachen,. 1896); there is a Middle English metrical version (J. ...
Apologetics
Britannica 11th... rther issues. He (and other Germans, but not G. W. F. Hegel) was represented in England in a fragmentary way by S. T. Coleridge (1772-1834), probably the most typical figure of his period — another layman. His general thought was that " rationalism " represent ...
Apologue
Britannica 11th... re slaves, namely Aesop and Phaedrus. La Fontaine in France; Gay and Dodsley in England; Gellert, Lessing and Hagedorn in Germany; Tomas de Iriarte in Spain, and Krilov in Russia, are leading modern writers of apologues. Length is not an essential matter in th ...
Apophthegm
Britannica 11th... ion— i.e. " apothem " — better than the other, which, however, is more usual in England and follows the derivation. Such sententious remarks as " Knowledge is Power " are apophthegms. They become " proverbs " by age and acceptance. Plutarch made a famous colle ...
Apostle
Britannica 11th... he full development of the doctrine was but a matter of time.4 LITERATURE. — In England the modern treatment of the subject dates from J. B. Lightfoot's dissertation in his Commentary on Galatians, to which Dr F. J. A. Hort's The Christian Ecdesia added elemen ...
Apostolical Constitutions
Britannica 11th... made to rehabilitate them, and they were, in general, more highly estimated in England than elsewhere. The most extravagant estimate of all was that of Whiston, who calls them " the most sacred standard of Christianity, equal in authority to the Gospels thems ...
Apostolici
Britannica 11th... (1287) and Chichester (i 289) took measures against the Apostles of Germany and England. But in 1291 the sect reappeared, sensibly increased, and Pope Nicholas IV. published anew the bull of Honorius IV. From that day the Apostles, regarded as rebels, were per ...
Apothecary
Britannica 11th... pplied, more particularly in the United States and in Scotland, to those who in England are called " pharmaceutical chemists." The Apothecaries' Society of London is one of the corporations of that city, and both by royal charters and acts of parliament exerci ...
Aquarium
Britannica 11th... to the public aquarium, and an annual subvention paid by the German empire." In England a station on similar lines, but on a smaller scale, is maintained at Plymouth by the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, with the help of subsidies from th ...
Aquaviva
Britannica 11th... d then of Rome; and during this office he offered to join the Jesuit mission to England that set out under Robert Parsons (q.v.) in the spring of 1580. The following year, being then only thirty-seven years old, he was elected, by a large majority, general of ...
Aquitaine
Britannica 11th... y. When Eleanor was divorced from Louis and was married in 1152 to Henry II. of England the duchy passed to her new husband, who, having suppressed a revolt there, gave it to his son Richard. When Richard died in 1199, it reverted to Eleanor, and on her death ...
Arago
Britannica 11th... oceeded along with Biot to execute geodetic operations on the coasts of France, England and Scotland. They measured the length of the seconds-pendulum at Leith, and in Unst, one of the Shetland isles, the results of the observations being published hi 1821, al ...
Aram
Britannica 11th... ondon, leaving his wife behind. For several years he travelled through parts of England, acting as usher in a number of schools, and settled finally at Lynn, in Norfolk. During his travels he had amassed considerable materials for a work he had projected on et ...
Arboriculture
Britannica 11th... s collected in the woods — a practice which exists in Sussex and other parts of England even now. Planting, however, was not general in England till the beginning of the ryth century, when the introduction of trees was facilitated by the interchange of plants ...
Arbos, Fernandez
Britannica 11th... famous meanwhile a* one of the finest violinist* of the day; and after visiting England in 1890 and establishing his reputation there, he became professor at the Royal College of Music in London. As a composer he is best known by his violin pieces, and by a co ...
Arbroath
Britannica 11th... 9 is preserved. King John exempted it from " toll and custom " in every part of England excepting London. Arbroath is" Fairport " of Scott's Antiquary, and Auchmithie, 3 m. north-east (" Musselcrag " of the same romance), is a quaint old-fashioned place, where ...
Arbuthnot
Britannica 11th... , who affirmed that the treaty with France for bringing popery and slavery into England was signed the isth of September, to which another answered very judiciously, not by opposing truth to his lie, that there was no such treaty; but that, to his certain know ...
Arcachon
Britannica 11th... conducted on a very large scale, and fishing. The port has trade with Spain and England.
Arcade
Britannica 11th... en found in Italy and Sicily, but there are examples in ARCADELT— ARCADI US 34' England at Canterbury. Ely, Peterborough. Norwich, St John's (I'hrstrri, Colchester and elsewhere. Internally, the oldest example is that/if the old refectory in Westminster Abbey ...
Archangel
Britannica 11th... between 880 and ooo and described (or translated) by Alfred the Great, king of England. The modern town dates, however, from the visit of the English voyager, Richard Chancellor, in 1553. An English factory was erected on the lower Dvina soon after that date, ...
Archbishop
Britannica 11th... ), general superintendent of Prussia (1812) and bishop (1816). In the Church of England and its sister and daughter churches the position of the archbishop is defined by the medieval Lulhera Church. canon law as confirmed or modified by statute since the Refor ...
Archibald Douglas
Britannica 11th... ently he joined Alexander Stewart, duke of Albany, in league with Edward IV. of England, on the i ith of February 1483, signing the convention at Westminster which acknowledged the overlordship of the English king. In March however they returned, outwardly at ...
Archpriest
Britannica 11th... that of archpriest of St Peter's developed into that of the cardinal-vicar. In England from 1 598 until the appointment of a vicar-apostolic in 1623 the Roman Catholic clergy were placed by the pope under an " archpriest " as superior of the English mission. ...
Argyll. Earls And Dukes Of
Britannica 11th... Long Parliament in 1643. In January 1644 he accompanied the Scottish army into England as a member of the committee of both kingdoms and in command of a troop of horse, but was soon in March compelled to return to suppress royalist movements in the north and ...
Argyllshire
Britannica 11th... he clansmen of Argyll, mainly MacDougals, were warring on the side of Edward of England against Robert Bruce, by whom they were badly beaten on Loch Awe in 1309. The clansmen of the house of Somerled in the isles, on the other hand, the MacDonalds, remained lo ...
Arisugawa
Britannica 11th... became admiralsuperintendent at Yokosuka. Prince Arisugawa represented Japan in England together with Marquis Ito at the Diamond Jubilee (1897), and in 1905 was again received there as the king's guest.
Arklow
Britannica 11th... e are cordite and explosives works, established by Messrs Kynoch of Birmingham, England. In 1882 an act was passed providing for the improvement of the harbour and for the appointment of harbour commissioners. The town hall and the Protestant church (1899) wer ...
Armada
Britannica 11th... nish or Invincible Armada was the great fleet (in Spanish, armada) sent against England by Philip II. in 1 588. The marquis of Santa Cruz, to whom the command had first been given, died on the 0th of February 1588 (according to the Gregorian calendar then used ...