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Britannica 11th
Encyclopaedia Britannica · 11th edition
Sus
Britannica 11thSUS, a province of southern Morocco, once an independent kingdom, and still too unruly to be opened to Europeans, who have nevertheless for centuries past made efforts to secure a foothold. Its principal towns are Tarudant, High (the old capital), and Glimin o ...
Susa
Britannica 11thSUSA (Biblical, Shushan), the capital of Susiana or Elam and from the time of Darius I. the chief residence of the Achaemenian kings. It had been the centre of the old monarchy of Elam and had undergone many vicissitudes before it fell into the hands of the Pe ...
Anglo-Saxons
Britannica 11th... Anglia, Mercia, Northumbria, &c.) belonged to the Angli, while those of Essex, Sussex and Wessex were sprung from the Saxons (q.v.), and those of Kent and southern Hampshire from the Jutes (q.v.). Other early writers, however, do not observe these distinction ...
Animal Worship
Britannica 11th... ic; this is doubtless the case in certain instances; but Apollo Smintheus, Dionysus Bassareus and other examples seem to show that the god may have been appealed to for help and thus become associated with the animals from whom he protected the crops, &c. (x.) ...
Animism
Britannica 11th... in classical Europe and the East we have in Ceres and Demeter, Adonis and Dionysus, and other deities, vegetation gods whose origin we can readily trace back to the rustic corn spirit. Forest trees, no less than cereals, have their indwelling spirits; the fau ...
Ante-Chapel
Britannica 11th... d, in the new chapel of St John's College, Cambridge, and in Eton College. In Jesus College, Cambridge, the transept and a short nave constitute the ante-chapel; in Clare College an octagonal vestibule serves the same purpose; and in Christ's, Trinity and King ...
Anthesteria
Britannica 11thANTHESTERIA, one of the four Athenian festivals in honour of Dionysus, held annually for three days ( 1 1 th-i 3th) in the month of Anthesterion (February-March). The object of the festival was to celebrate the maturing of the wine stored at the previous vinta ...
Anthony. Susan Brownell
Britannica 11thANTHONY. SUSAN BROWNELL (1820-1006), American reformer, was born at Adams, Massachusetts, on the i$th of February 1820, the daughter of Quakers. Soon after her birth, her family moved to the state of New York, and after 1845 she lived in Rochester. She receive ...
Anthozoa
Britannica 11th... the Devonian, and by the Thecidae from the Wenlock limestone. In Heliolites porosus the colonies had the form of spheroidal masses; the calices were furnished with twelve pseudosepta, and the coenenchymal tubes were more or less regularly hexagonal. Zoantharia ...
Anthraquinone
Britannica 11th... horizontal cylinders with a mixture of sodium bichromate and caustic soda. This suspension is then run through a conical mill in order to remove all grit, the cones of the mill fitting so tightly that water cannot pass through unless the mill is running; the s ...
Anthrax
Britannica 11th... es of the blood of that most essential gas, it renders the vital fluid unfit to sustain life. Albert Hoffa and others assert that the fatal lesions are produced by the poisonous action of the toxins formed by the bacilli and not by the blocking up of the minut ...
Anti-Semitism
Britannica 11th... , and the Jews entered in a body the national life of Germany and Austria, they sustained this high average in all the intellectual branches of middle-clue activity. Here again, owing to the accidents of their history, a further concentration became apparent. ...
Antoninus
Britannica 11th... of Aurelius Fulvus, a Roman consul whose family had originally belonged to Nemausus (Nimes), was born near Lanuvium on the igth of September 86. After the death of his father, he was brought up under the care of Arrius Antoninus, his maternal grandfather, a ma ...
Antonius
Britannica 11th... a proposal for his recall, and also on the occasion of his trial, increased the suspicion. In spite of Cicero's eloquence, Antonius was condemned, and went into exile at Cephallenia. He seems to have been recalled by Caesar, since he was present at a meeting o ...
Antrim. Randal Macdonnell
Britannica 11th... e dissociated himself from his allies and retired to his castle at Dunluce. His suspicious conduct, however, and his Roman Catholicism, caused him to be regarded as an enemy by the English party. In May 1642 he was captured at Dunluce Castle by the parliamenta ...
Antwerp
Britannica 11th... th century. In 1800 the population was computed not to exceed 40,000. At the census of 1846 the total was 88,487; of 1851,95,501; of 1880, 169,100; of 1900, 272,830; and of 1904, 291,949. To these figures ought to be added the populations (1904) of Borgerhout ...
Apaturia
Britannica 11th... ia), an ancient Greek festival held annually by all the Ionian towns except Ephesus and Colophon (Herodotus i. 147). At Athens it took place in the month of Pyanepsion (October to November), and lasted three days, on which occasion the various phratries (i.e. ...
Apollonius Of Rhodes
Britannica 11th... ; Way (1901); Prose by Coleridge (1889); see also Couat, La Potsie alexandrine; Susemihl, Geschichte der griech. Lit. in der alexandrinischen Zeii.
Apollonius Of Tyana
Britannica 11th... Pythagorean school, born a few years before the Christian era. He studied at Tarsus and in the temple of Asclepius at Aegae, where he devoted himself to the doctrines of Pythagoras and adopted the ascetic habit of life in its fullest sense. He travelled throug ...
Apollonius Of Tyre
Britannica 11th... It bears a marked resemblance to the Antheia and Habrokomes of Xenophon of Ephesus. The story relates that King Antiochus, maintaining incestuous relations with his daughter, kept off her suitors by asking them a riddle, which they must solve on pain of losin ...
Apollos
Britannica 11th... there in a similar way (i Cor. iii. 6). He was with Paul at a later date in Ephesus (i Cor. xvi. n). In i Cor. i. 10-12 we read of four parties in the Corinthian church, of which two attached themselves to Paul and Apollo* respectively, using their names, thou ...
Apologetics
Britannica 11th... prophecy (Matt, especially; rather differently Ep. to Heb.). The miracles of Jesus are also canvassed. Jews do not deny their wonderful character, but attribute them to black art (Mark iii. 22 &c., &c.). On the other hand, Christians and Jews are pretty well ...
Apostle
Britannica 11th... he New Testament and in Christian literature generally for a special envoy of Jesus Christ. How far it had any similar use in Judaism in Christ's day is uncertain; but in the 4th century A.D., at any rate, it denoted responsible envoys from the central Jewish ...
Apostolic Fathers
Britannica 11th... to its hearers the passing of the mists of idolatry before the revelation in Jesus Christ, is markedly similar in tone and tenor to passages in the Epistle to Diognetus. Far closer, however, are the affinities between the homily and the Shepherd of Hermas, " ...
Apotheosis
Britannica 11th... stians on this ground repudiate the application of the term to the worship of Jesus Christ. Curiously, Apotheosis is used by the Latin Christian poet, Prudentius (c. 400), as the title of a poem defending orthodox views on the person of Christ and other points ...
Aquarium
Britannica 11th... , as free as may be, not only from land-drainage and sewage, but also from such suspended matters as chalk, fine sand or mud. This is most ideally and economically secured by placing the station a few feet above high-water mark, in as sheltered a position as p ...
Aquinas
Britannica 11th... ies on Aristotle's /;. Interpretation, onto* Potterior Analytits. on the Metaphysus, the t'hysict, the De Anima, and on Aristotle'* other psychological and physical writing*, each < nmmcnlary having for its aim to lay hold of the material and grasp the method ...
Arabesque
Britannica 11th... symmetrically scrolled on either side, and on the tendrils of these scrolls are suspended or placed birds and animals, human figures and chimeras, of any or all kinds, or indeed any objects that may take the fancy of the artist. The most perfect specimens of c ...
Arabistan
Britannica 11th... eaning " the land of the Khuz ") was a part of the Biblical Elam. the classical Susiana, and appears in the great inscription of Darius as Uvaja.
Arago
Britannica 11th... French into Spain extended to these islands, and the ignorant populace began to suspect that Arago's movements and his blazing fires on the top of Mount Galatzo were telegraphic signals to the invading army. Ultimately they became so infuriated that he was obl ...
Aral
Britannica 11th... yr-darya) which enters towards the northern extremity of the east coast, and is suspected to be shifting its embouchure more and more to the north. This river, as well as the Amu, conveys vast quantities of sediment into the lake; the delta of the Syr-darya in ...
Aram
Britannica 11th... quantity of goods from some of the tradesmen in the town, suddenly disappeared. Suspicions of being concerned in this swindling transaction fell upon Aram. His garden was searched, and some of the goods found there. As, however, there was not evidence sufficie ...
Arbor Vitae
Britannica 11th... ypresses). Thuja occidentalis is the Western or American arbor vitae, the Cupressus Arbor Vitae of old authors. It is a native of North America, and ranges from Canada to the mountains of Virginia and Carolina. It is a moderate-sized tree, and was introduced i ...
Arboriculture
Britannica 11th... ling them with young plants collected in the woods — a practice which exists in Sussex and other parts of England even now. Planting, however, was not general in England till the beginning of the ryth century, when the introduction of trees was facilitated by ...
Arcadia
Britannica 11thARCADIA, a district of Greece, forming the central plateau of Peloponnesus. Shut off from the coast lands on all sides by mountain barriers, which rise in the northern peaks of Eryman thus (mod. Olanos) to 7400, of Cyllene (Ziria) to 7900, in the southern corn ...
Arch Yt As
Britannica 11th... the inventor of a kind of flying-machine, a wooden pigeon balanced by a weight suspended from a pulley, and set in motion by compressed air escaping from a valve.1 Fragments of his ethical and metaphysical writings are quoted by Stobaeus, Simplicius and other ...
Archaeopteryx
Britannica 11th... ), the observer may reasonably expect a different kind of burial-furniture, and suspect an intruding race. In this particular respect, archaeology owes a signal debt to physical anthropology and to anthropological methods in general. The combination of the two ...
Archbishop
Britannica 11th... of continental Europe the title of archbishop has fallen into almost complete disuse. It is, however, still borne by the Lutheran bishop of Upsala. who is metropolitan of Sweden, and by the Lutheran bishop of Abo in Finland. In Prussia the title has occasional ...
Architkcture
Britannica 11th... — Portion of front of Palace of el Hadr. examples at Warka (Loft us, Chaldatn. Susiana, p. 225). In the great mosque of Diarbekr are two wings at the north and south ends respectively, which arc said to have been Parthian palaces built by Tigranes, 74 B.C.; t ...
Archon
Britannica 11th... s the Stoa Basileios, and his wife, as officially representing the wife of Dionysus, was called Basilinna. The polemarch, who was at any rate titular commander down to about 487 B.C. (see above; and Herod, vi. too, iMxarot ^rj<fc&x#po»), became in the sth cent ...