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EMIN PASHA [EDUARD SCHNITZER] (1840-1892), German traveller, administrator and naturalist, was the son of Ludwig Schnitzer, a merchant of Oppeln in Silesia, and was born in Oppeln on the 28th of March 1840. He was educated at the universities of Breslau, Berli ...

ARABI PASHA (c. 1839- ), more correctly Amt u> 'AxABl, to which in later years he added the epithet al-Misri, " the Egyptian," Egyptian soldier and revolutionary leader, was born in Lower Egypt in 1839 or 1840 of a fellah family. Having entered the army as a c ...

... ded by the patriots (1822); in 1823 the city was burnt to the ground by Ibrahim Pasha. The present town of 10,000 inhabitants is a purely agricultural settlement. The Argive plain, though not yet sufficiently reclaimed, yields good crops of corn, rice and toba ...

EMINESCU, MICHAIL (1849-1889), the greatest Rumanian poet of the igth century, was born on the zoth of December in Ipateshti near Botoshani, in the north of Moldavia. He was of Turco-Tatar origin, and his surname was originally Emin; this was changed to Eminov ...

... estate was granted by the bey Mahommed-esSadok to his chief minister Khaireddin Pasha (q.v.) in return for the confirmation by the sultan of Turkey in 1871, through the instrumentality of the pasha, of the right of succession to the beylik of members of Es-Sad ...

... tage, and the battle of Pavia ('5*5) *eerncd likely to lead to the permanent preeminence of the imperial cause. But unexpected allies were found by Francis in the German reformers and in the Turks. The nailing by Luther of his ninety-five theses to the door of ...

... size of the body and the extension of viscera into the legs. Their structure is eminently that of degenerate forms. Many frequent growths of coralline Algae and hydroid polyps, upon the juices of which they feed, and in some cases a specie* of gall is produced ...

... rammar schools (gymnasia), five semi-classical and modern schools, a teachers' seminary and four high-grade girls' schools. Of the whole surface, land under tillage amounts to about 60, meadowland to 7 and forest to 25 %. The chief crops are corn (especially w ...

... ers — the sons of Stephanos, a physician of Tralles — who were all more or less eminent in their respective departments. Dioscorus followed his father's profession in his native place; Alexander became at Rome one of the most celebrated medical men of his time ...

... eader. His pamphlets, full of scandalous revelations of alleged malpractice* of eminent Jews, were read with avidity. No fewer than ten of them were written and published during 1892. Over and over again he was prosecuted for libel and convicted, but this seem ...

... t, of the stations and distances along the various roads of the Roman empire, seemingly based on official documents, which were probably those of the survey organized by Julius Caesar, and carried out under Augustus. Nothing is known with certainty as to the d ...

... ies; Egger, Apollonius Dyscole (1854). APOLLONIUS, surnamed 6 juaXaxos ("the Effeminate"), a Greek rhetorician of Alabanda in Caria, who flourished about 120 B.C. After studying under Menecles, chief of the Asiatic school of oratory, he settled in Rhodes, wher ...

... eater difficulties to them; soon it grows quite obsolete. Benedict Spinoza, the eminent Jewish pantheist (1632-1677), to whom miracle is impossible, revelation a phrase, and who renews pioneer work in Old Testament criticism, finds at least a fair measure of l ...

... et flatte I' amour-propre by inculcating virtue in an amusing manner without seeming to dictate or insist. This was the ordinary iSth-century view of the matter, but Rousseau contested the educational value of instruction given in this indirect form. A work b ...

... cated by some outward act, such as offering incense to a heathen deity or blaspheming the name of Christ.1 In the Roman Catholic Church the word is also applied to the renunciation of monastic vows (apostasis a monachalu), and to the abandonment of the clerica ...

... ts " (cf. Eph. ii. 20, iii. 5) and " teachers," constituted a charismatic and seemingly unordained ministry of the Word, in some part of the Church (in Syria?) during the early sub-apostolic age. Paul is our earliest witness, as just cited; also in i Cor. xv. ...

... rcus Aurelius, as a typical cultured observer of Christianity, or to some other eminent person of the same name in the locality of its origin, or, as seems more likely, to cultured Greeks generally, personified under the significant name " Diognetus " (" Heave ...

... for the growth and display of trees. The term, in this restricted sense, was seemingly first so employed in 1838 by J. C. Loudon, in his book upon arboreta and fruit trees. Professor Bayley Balfour, F.R.S., the Regius Keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden in Edi ...

... ut this had the unforeseen effect of destroying the union; for the labourers, deeming their object gained, ceased to " agitate." Mr Arch nevertheless retained sufficient popularity to be returned to parliament for north-west Norfolk in 1885; and although defea ...

... estion that will never be satisfactorily answered. The results, however, are of eminently practical value. The arrow-heads of neolithic man, which are found by hundreds all over Europe, may be seen fixed in their shafts in the hands of an American Indian; rude ...

... ry of the Archangel Michael (whence the city gets its name), an ecclesiastical seminary, a school of navigation and a naval hospital. Linen, leather, canvas, cordage, mats, tallow, potash and beer are manufactured. There is a lively trade with St Petersburg, a ...

... The metropolitans now commonly assumed the title of archbishop to mark their preeminence over the other bishops; at the same time the obligation imposed upon them, mainly at the instance of St Boniface, to receive the pallium (q.v.) from Rome, definitely marke ...

... vity is noteworthy as strongly antagonistic to the view at one time favoured by eminent chemists that argon was a condensed form of nitrogen represented by Ni. The viscosity of argon is 1-21, referred to air, somewhat higher than for oxygen, which stands at th ...

... loyalty by the formation of locally recruited highland regiments. The duke was eminent not only for his political abilities, but also for his literary accomplishments, and he collected one of the most valuable private libraries in Great Britain. He died sudde ...

... , small falls may be seen, enhanced in beauty when the rivers are in flood. Pre-eminently Argyll is the shire of the sportsman. The lovely Western Isles provide endless enjoyment for the yachtsman; the lochs and rivers abound with salmon and trout; the deer- f ...

... hy, directed to the general good; but he preferred the monarchy of one man, pre-eminent in virtue above the rest, as the best of all governments (Nicomachean Ethics, viii. 10; Politics, F 14-18). Moreover, by adding (Politics, H 7, 1327 b 29-33) tnat the Greek ...

... , ancient xXtrr^s, a thief, a brigand), and during the i6th century the Turkish pashas came to terms with some of them, and these men were allowed to retain their local customs, and were confirmed in the possession of certain districts, while in "return they u ...

... 19. Jahrh. (a vols., 1898). Arneth also published in 1893 two volumes of early reminiscences under the title of A us meinem Leben.

... ure. It is illustrated in the familiar passage of Shakespeare, where Polixenes reminds Perdita that " Nature is made better by no mean. But nature makes that mean: so, over that art Which, you say, adds to nature, is an art That nature makes." . . . " This is ...

... etians. In 1797 it was held by the French, but in the following year, 1798, Ali Pasha of lanntna captured it. During the Greek War of Independence it suffered severely, and was the scene of several conflicts, in which the ultimate success was with the Turks. A ...

... . Both Opis (or Oupis) and Hecaerge are names of Artemis, the latter being the feminine of Hccaergos, an epithet of Apollo. Like her brother, she is not only a goddess who deals death, but she is also a healing and a purifying divinity, ov\ia (" the healer," c ...

... dominating influences at court. Even up to the present day men of intellectual eminence like Dr Richard Garnett have convinced themselves that astromancy has a foundation of truth, just as there are still believers in chiromancy or other forms of divination. ...

... r of the universe which lies outside the limit of the earth's atmosphere. The seeming anomaly of classifying as a single 'branch of science all that we know in a field so wide, while subdividing our knowledge of things on our own planet into an indefinite numb ...

... valent of the Old Testament Ashtoreth, the Phoenician Astarte (g.v.), with the feminine ending omitted (Assyr. Ishtar); the second is a Palmyrene name ' Atke (i.e. tempus opportunum), which occurs as part of many compounds. As a consequence of the first half o ...

... s, Mt. Scholastica Academy (Roman Catholic) for girls, and Western Theological Seminary (Evangelical-Lutheran, 1893); a state soldiers' orphans' home is also located here. Atchison's situation and transportation facilities make it an important supply-centre, i ...

... f Huntly, by whom he had two daughters, and (2) Margaret, daughter of Malcolm Fleming, 3rd Lord Fleming, by whom, besides three daughters, he had John, sth earl of Atholl, at whose death in 1595 the earldom in default of male heirs reverted to the crown. JOHN ...

... nople by the Latins in 1204 brought persecution and pillage on the monks; this reminded them of earlier Saracenic invasions, and led them to appeal for protection to Pope Innocent III., who gave them a favourable reply. Under the Palaeologi (1260-1453) they re ...

... cine (1005); the Georgia College of Eclectic Medicine; the Atlanta Theological Seminary (1001, Congregational), the only theological school of the denomination in the South in 1908; the Atlanta Dental College; the Southern College of Pharmacy (1903); Washingto ...

... on, the author of Occana, he appears to have been a theorizing republican. His reminiscences on this subject date from the Restoration, and are probably softened by considerations of expediency. In 1663 he became a member of the Royal Society, and in the next ...

... 16), in connexion with which there is a women's prison; the Auburn Theological Seminary (Presbyterian), founded in 1819, chartered in 1820, and opened for students in 1821; the Robinson school for girls; and the Women's Educational and Industrial Union, for th ...